Friedberg W, Faulkner D N, Snyder L, Darden E B, O'Brien K
Civil Aeromedical Institute, Federal Aviation Administration, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1989 Nov;60(11):1104-8.
The dose equivalent to air carrier crewmembers from galactic cosmic radiation was estimated for each of 32 nonstop flights on a variety of routes to and from, or within, the contiguous United States. Flying times were from 0.4 to 13 hours. The annual dose equivalents received on the flights ranged from 0.2 to 9.1 mSv (20 to 910 mrem), or 0.4 to 18% of the recommended annual limit for occupational exposure of an adult. We reviewed some of the characteristics of galactic and solar cosmic radiation and provided example calculations for estimating radiation-induced risks of fatal cancer, genetic defects and harm to an embryo or fetus. The estimated increased risk of dying from cancer because of galactic radiation exposure received during 20 years of flying ranged from 0.1 to 5 in 1,000. For the adult U.S. population the risk of dying from cancer is about 220 in 1,000.
针对往返美国本土或美国本土内各条航线的32次直飞航班，分别估算了航空机组人员所接受的来自银河宇宙辐射的剂量当量。飞行时间从0.4小时到13小时不等。这些航班上所接受的年度剂量当量范围为0.2至9.1毫希沃特（20至910毫雷姆），占成人职业照射年推荐限值的0.4%至18%。我们回顾了银河宇宙辐射和太阳宇宙辐射的一些特性，并提供了估算辐射诱发致命癌症、基因缺陷以及对胚胎或胎儿造成伤害风险的示例计算。因20年飞行期间所接受的银河辐射照射而死于癌症的估计额外风险为千分之一至千分之五。对于美国成年人口而言，死于癌症的风险约为千分之二百二十。
