沉默调节蛋白的表达及其在视网膜疾病中的作用。
Sirtuins Expression and Their Role in Retinal Diseases.
作者信息
Balaiya Sankarathi, Abu-Amero Khaled K, Kondkar Altaf A, Chalam Kakarla V
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 580 W. 8th Street, Tower-2, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA; The Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 580 W. 8th Street, Tower-2, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA; Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11424, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:3187594. doi: 10.1155/2017/3187594. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
Sirtuins have received considerable attention since the discovery that silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) extends the lifespan of yeast. Sir2, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide- (NAD-) dependent histone deacetylase, serves as both a transcriptional effector and energy sensor. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative eye diseases. Sirtuins confer protection against oxidative stress and retinal degeneration. In mammals, the sirtuin (SIRT) family consists of seven proteins (SIRT1-SIRT7). These vary in tissue specificity, subcellular localization, and enzymatic activity and targets. In this review, we present the current knowledge of the sirtuin family and discuss their structure, cellular location, and biological function with a primary focus on their role in different neuroophthalmic diseases including glaucoma, optic neuritis, and age-related macular degeneration. The potential role of certain therapeutic targets is also described.
自发现沉默信息调节因子2（Sir2）可延长酵母寿命以来，沉默调节蛋白受到了广泛关注。Sir2是一种依赖烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）的组蛋白脱乙酰酶，既是转录效应器又是能量传感器。氧化应激和细胞凋亡与神经退行性眼病的发病机制有关。沉默调节蛋白可抵御氧化应激和视网膜变性。在哺乳动物中，沉默调节蛋白（SIRT）家族由七种蛋白质（SIRT1 - SIRT7）组成。它们在组织特异性、亚细胞定位、酶活性和靶点方面存在差异。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了沉默调节蛋白家族的现有知识，并讨论了它们的结构、细胞定位和生物学功能，主要关注它们在不同神经眼科疾病（包括青光眼、视神经炎和年龄相关性黄斑变性）中的作用。还描述了某些治疗靶点的潜在作用。
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