Bressan Valentina, Bagnasco Annamaria, Aleo Giuseppe, Catania Gianluca, Zanini Milko P, Timmins Fiona, Sasso Loredana
Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via Pastore 1, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin, Ireland.
Support Care Cancer. 2017 May;25(5):1699-1712. doi: 10.1007/s00520-017-3618-7. Epub 2017 Feb 15.
In the literature, there is limited research about the changed meaning of food, the eating and the eating experience during treatment in patients with head and neck cancer. This systematic review includes findings from a qualitative research synthesis to gain a deeper understanding of the influence and experiences of dysphagia, dysgeusia, oral mucositis and xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients (HNC) and suggests recommendations for care practice.
A systematic review and meta-synthesis techniques were adopted to identify, appraise and synthesize the relevant literature regarding the experience of nutritional symptoms of HNC patients conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Several electronic databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library databases were searched.
A systematic search yielded 121 papers, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria. A thematic account of shared nutritional symptom experiences reported across studies is highlighted and presented. Eight major themes covering three key supportive care domains were identified: impact of symptoms (symptoms during treatment, symptoms working together, affecting daily living activities and physical changes, symptoms and food changes), changing social networks and support (social life restrictions, support of peers), nutritional concerns and strategies (coping strategies, professional support).
Dysphagia, dysgeusia, oral mucositis and xerostomia negatively affected the patients' quality of life throughout the period of treatment. The patients' nutritional symptom experiences do not occur in isolation. Therefore, acknowledging the patients' eating difficulties and challenges can guarantee appropriate management and support to best manage symptoms in a timely manner.
在文献中，关于头颈癌患者治疗期间食物意义、饮食及饮食体验变化的研究有限。本系统评价纳入了定性研究综合分析的结果，以更深入地了解吞咽困难、味觉障碍、口腔黏膜炎和口干对头颈癌患者（HNC）的影响及体验，并提出护理实践建议。
采用系统评价和元综合技术，根据PRISMA指南识别、评估和综合有关HNC患者营养症状体验的相关文献。检索了多个电子数据库，如PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus、PsycINFO和Cochrane图书馆数据库。
系统检索得到121篇论文，其中12篇符合纳入标准。突出并呈现了各项研究中报告的营养症状共同体验的主题描述。确定了涵盖三个关键支持性护理领域的八个主要主题：症状的影响（治疗期间的症状、症状共同作用、影响日常生活活动和身体变化、症状与食物变化）、社交网络和支持的变化（社交生活限制、同伴支持）、营养问题及策略（应对策略、专业支持）。
吞咽困难、味觉障碍、口腔黏膜炎和口干在整个治疗期间对患者的生活质量产生了负面影响。患者的营养症状体验并非孤立发生。因此，认识到患者的饮食困难和挑战能够确保进行适当的管理和支持以便及时有效地控制症状。
