Department of Clinical Nutrition, Wollongong Hospital, Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017 Oct;30(5):634-645. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12466. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
Dietary modification is critical in the self-management of chronic kidney disease. The present study describes the accuracy, quality and health literacy demand of renal diet information for adults with kidney disease obtained from the Internet and YouTube (www.youtube.com).
A comprehensive content analysis was undertaken in April and July 2015 of 254 eligible websites and 161 YouTube videos. The accuracy of the renal diet information was evaluated by comparing the key messages with relevant evidence-based guidelines for the dietary management of people with kidney disease. The DISCERN tool (www.discern.org.uk) was used to evaluate the quality of the material. Health literacy demand was evaluated using the Patient Education Material Assessment Tool (www.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention-chronic-care/improve/self-mgmt/pemat/index.html) and seven validated readability calculators.
The most frequent renal diet topic found online was generic dietary information for people with chronic kidney disease. The proportion of renal diet information obtained from websites that was accurate was 73%. However, this information was mostly of poor quality with extensive shortcomings, difficult to action and written with a high health literacy demand. By contrast, renal diet information available from YouTube was highly understandable and actionable, although only 18% of the videos were accurate, and a large proportion were of poor quality with extensive shortcomings. The most frequent authors of accurate, good quality, understandable, material were government bodies, dietitians, academic institutions and medical organisations.
Renal diet information found online that is written by government bodies, dietitians, academic institutions and medical organisations is recommended. Further work is required to improve the quality and, most importantly, the actionability of renal diet information found online.
饮食调整对于慢性肾病的自我管理至关重要。本研究描述了从互联网和 YouTube（www.youtube.com）上获取的针对肾病患者的成人肾脏饮食信息的准确性、质量和健康素养需求。
2015 年 4 月和 7 月，对 254 个符合条件的网站和 161 个 YouTube 视频进行了全面的内容分析。通过将关键信息与针对肾病患者饮食管理的相关循证指南进行比较，评估肾脏饮食信息的准确性。使用 DISCERN 工具（www.discern.org.uk）评估材料的质量。使用患者教育材料评估工具（www.ahrq.gov/professionals/prevention-chronic-care/improve/self-mgmt/pemat/index.html）和 7 个经过验证的可读性计算器评估健康素养需求。
在线上最常见的肾脏饮食主题是针对慢性肾脏病患者的一般饮食信息。从网站上获取的肾脏饮食信息中，准确的比例为 73%。然而，这些信息的质量大多较差，存在广泛的缺陷，难以付诸行动，并且对健康素养有较高的要求。相比之下，从 YouTube 上获取的肾脏饮食信息通俗易懂，可操作性强，尽管只有 18%的视频是准确的，但很大一部分视频质量较差，存在广泛的缺陷。准确、质量好、易懂的信息最常由政府机构、营养师、学术机构和医疗机构撰写。
推荐使用政府机构、营养师、学术机构和医疗机构撰写的在线肾脏饮食信息。需要进一步努力提高在线肾脏饮食信息的质量，最重要的是提高其可操作性。
