Paulone Simona, Malavasi Giulia, Ardizzoni Andrea, Orsi Carlotta Francesca, Peppoloni Samuele, Neglia Rachele Giovanna, Blasi Elisabetta
Dipartimento di Medicina Diagnostica, Clinica e di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy.
New Microbiol. 2017 Jan;40(1):45-52.
Candida albicans is the most common cause of oral mycoses. The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro the susceptibility of C. albicans to mouthwashes, in terms of growth, survival and biofilm formation. Candida albicans, laboratory strain SC5314, and 7 commercial mouthwashes were employed: 3 with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate; 1 with 0.06% chlorhexidine digluconate and 250 ppm F- sodium fluoride; 3 with fluorine-containing molecules. None of the mouthwashes contained ethanol in their formulations. The anti-Candida effects of the mouthwashes were assessed by disk diffusion, crystal violet and XTT assays. By using five protocols combining different dilutions and contact times the mouthwashes were tested against: 1) C. albicans growth; 2) biofilm formation; 3) survival of fungal cells in early, developing and mature Candida biofilm. Chlorhexidine digluconate-containing mouthwashes consistently exhibited the highest anti-Candida activity, irrespective of the protocols employed. Fungal growth, biofilm formation and survival of Candida cells within biofilm were impaired, the effects strictly depending on both the dilution employed and the time of contact. These in vitro studies provide evidence that mouthwashes exert anti-Candida activity against both planktonic and biofilm fungal structures, but to a different extent depending on their composition. This suggests special caution in the choice of mouthwashes for oral hygiene, whether aimed at prevention or treatment of oral candidiasis.
白色念珠菌是口腔真菌病最常见的病因。本研究的目的是在体外研究白色念珠菌对漱口水在生长、存活及生物膜形成方面的敏感性。使用了白色念珠菌实验室菌株SC5314和7种市售漱口水：3种含0.2%葡萄糖酸氯己定；1种含0.06%葡萄糖酸氯己定和250 ppm氟化钠；3种含氟分子。所有漱口水配方中均不含乙醇。通过纸片扩散法、结晶紫法和XTT法评估漱口水的抗念珠菌作用。采用五种不同稀释度和接触时间组合方案，对漱口水进行以下测试：1）白色念珠菌生长；2）生物膜形成；3）早期、发育中和成熟念珠菌生物膜中真菌细胞的存活。无论采用何种方案，含葡萄糖酸氯己定的漱口水始终表现出最高的抗念珠菌活性。真菌生长、生物膜形成以及生物膜中念珠菌细胞的存活均受到损害，其效果严格取决于所用稀释度和接触时间。这些体外研究表明，漱口水对浮游和生物膜真菌结构均具有抗念珠菌活性，但程度因成分而异。这表明在选择用于口腔卫生的漱口水时需特别谨慎，无论其目的是预防还是治疗口腔念珠菌病。
