Schirm J, Timmerije W, van der Bij W, The T H, Wilterdink J B, Tegzess A M, van Son W J, Schröder F P
Regional Public Health Laboratory, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Med Virol. 1987 Sep;23(1):31-40. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890230105.
The recently developed early antigen immunofluorescence (IF) method for the detection of infectious cytomegalovirus (CMV) in clinical specimens has hardly been applied on blood samples. We compared the CMV early antigen detection technique with the conventional cell culture method in 415 different buffy coat samples from 85 different immunocompromised patients. Duplicate coverslips were stained with two different monoclonal antibodies 4-6 days after inoculation. The conventional cultures were examined for typical cytopathic effects (CPE) during 10 weeks. Forty samples from 19 patients were positive by the IF technique, most of them with both monoclonal antibodies. Only 22 of these samples were positive in the conventional cell culture assay, on average after 15.8 days. CMV viraemia was detected exclusively by the IF method in 18 samples, 7 of which were from five patients without any further evidence of an active CMV infection. CMV viraemia was detected exclusively by the CPE method in eight samples, on average after no less than 36.6 days. CMV viraemia was not found in blood samples from 10 patients with laboratory proven active CMV infections and 53 patients without any evidence of an active CMV infection. In our hands the early antigen method for the detection of infectious CMV in blood is nearly as specific (at least 98.1%) and clearly much faster and more sensitive than the conventional cell culture method. The early CMV antigen detection method is therefore a very useful tool for the rapid detection of infectious CMV in blood.
最近开发的用于检测临床标本中传染性巨细胞病毒（CMV）的早期抗原免疫荧光（IF）方法几乎未应用于血液样本。我们在来自85名不同免疫功能低下患者的415份不同的血沉棕黄层样本中，将CMV早期抗原检测技术与传统细胞培养方法进行了比较。接种后4 - 6天，用两种不同的单克隆抗体对重复的盖玻片进行染色。在10周内检查传统培养物是否有典型的细胞病变效应（CPE）。IF技术检测出19名患者的40份样本呈阳性，其中大多数样本用两种单克隆抗体检测均为阳性。在传统细胞培养试验中，这些样本中只有22份呈阳性，平均在15.8天后呈阳性。18份样本仅通过IF方法检测到CMV病毒血症，其中7份来自5名无任何活动性CMV感染进一步证据的患者。8份样本仅通过CPE方法检测到CMV病毒血症，平均不少于36.6天后呈阳性。在10名实验室证实有活动性CMV感染的患者和53名无任何活动性CMV感染证据的患者的血液样本中未发现CMV病毒血症。在我们的研究中，用于检测血液中传染性CMV的早期抗原方法几乎具有同样的特异性（至少98.1%），并且明显比传统细胞培养方法更快、更灵敏。因此，早期CMV抗原检测方法是快速检测血液中传染性CMV的非常有用的工具。
