Franasiak Jason M, Scott Richard T
aReproductive Medicine Associates of New Jersey, Basking Ridge, New Jersey bThomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Jun;29(3):146-152. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000357.
There have been great improvements in assisted reproduction in the recent decade; however, there are still a significant number of chromosomally normal blastocysts that fail to produce live births. The human microbiome is the totality of the microbes and their genomes that exist in and on the host. The understanding of its impact on health and human disease, particularly in human reproduction, is evolving.
New technologies have empowered metagenomic sample analysis that allows for more fully characterizing the reproductive tract microbiome. With these technologies, we have determined not only that sites previously thought to be sterile in fact have robust microbiomes, but also have better characterized the normal and abnormal vaginal and endometrial microbiome.
The understanding of the microbiome in health and human disease, in particular in relation to human reproduction, is in its infancy. As the reproductive tract dysbiosis are better characterized and understood, we may be better equipped to manipulate it more expertly.
近十年来辅助生殖技术有了很大进步；然而，仍有相当数量染色体正常的囊胚未能实现活产。人类微生物组是宿主内外存在的微生物及其基因组的总和。对其对健康和人类疾病影响的理解，尤其是对人类生殖的影响，正在不断发展。
新技术使宏基因组样本分析成为可能，从而能够更全面地描述生殖道微生物组。借助这些技术，我们不仅确定了以前认为无菌的部位实际上有着丰富的微生物群落，而且更好地描述了正常和异常的阴道及子宫内膜微生物组。
对微生物组在健康和人类疾病，特别是与人类生殖相关方面的理解尚处于起步阶段。随着对生殖道生态失调的特征和理解更加深入，我们或许能更专业地对其进行调控。
