Kigozi Jesse, Jowett Sue, Lewis Martyn, Barton Pelham, Coast Joanna
Health Economics Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Health Economics Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Value Health. 2017 Mar;20(3):496-506. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.12.006. Epub 2017 Jan 30.
Given the significant costs of reduced productivity (presenteeism) in comparison to absenteeism, and overall societal costs, presenteeism has a potentially important role to play in economic evaluations. However, these costs are often excluded. The objective of this study is to review applied cost of illness studies and economic evaluations to identify valuation methods used for, and impact of including presenteeism costs in practice.
A structured systematic review was carried out to explore (i) the extent to which presenteeism has been applied in cost of illness studies and economic evaluations and (ii) the overall impact of including presenteeism on overall costs and outcomes. Potential articles were identified by searching Medline, PsycINFO and NHS EED databases. A standard template was developed and used to extract information from economic evaluations and cost of illness studies incorporating presenteeism costs.
A total of 28 studies were included in the systematic review which also demonstrated that presenteeism costs are rarely included in full economic evaluations. Estimation and monetisation methods differed between the instruments. The impact of disease on presenteeism whilst in paid work is high.
The potential impact of presenteeism costs needs to be highlighted and greater consideration should be given to including these in economic evaluations and cost of illness studies. The importance of including presenteeism costs when conducting economic evaluation from a societal perspective should be emphasised in national economic guidelines and more methodological work is required to improve the practical application of presenteeism instruments to generate productivity cost estimates.
鉴于相较于旷工，生产力降低（出勤主义）所带来的成本以及整体社会成本都颇为高昂，出勤主义在经济评估中可能发挥着潜在的重要作用。然而，这些成本往往被排除在外。本研究的目的是回顾已应用的疾病成本研究和经济评估，以确定用于出勤主义的估值方法，以及在实际操作中纳入出勤主义成本的影响。
开展了一项结构化的系统综述，以探究（i）出勤主义在疾病成本研究和经济评估中的应用程度，以及（ii）纳入出勤主义对总成本和结果的总体影响。通过检索Medline、PsycINFO和NHS EED数据库来识别潜在的文章。开发了一个标准模板，并用于从纳入出勤主义成本的经济评估和疾病成本研究中提取信息。
系统综述共纳入了28项研究，这些研究还表明出勤主义成本很少被完全纳入经济评估中。不同工具的估计和货币化方法有所不同。疾病对带薪工作时的出勤主义影响很大。
需要强调出勤主义成本的潜在影响，在经济评估和疾病成本研究中应更多地考虑纳入这些成本。在国家经济指南中应强调从社会角度进行经济评估时纳入出勤主义成本的重要性，并且需要开展更多的方法学工作来改进出勤主义工具的实际应用，以生成生产力成本估计值。
