Samaranayake Lakshman, Matsubara Victor H
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, The Deanery, Floor 7, 34, Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
Dent Clin North Am. 2017 Apr;61(2):199-215. doi: 10.1016/j.cden.2016.11.002.
The oral ecosystem comprises the oral flora, so-called oral microbiome, the different anatomic microniches of the oral cavity, and its bathing fluid, saliva. The oral microbiome comprises a group of organisms and includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. The oral microbiome exists suspended in saliva as planktonic phase organisms or attached to oral surfaces as a plaque biofilm. Homeostasis of the plaque biofilm and its symbiotic relationship with the host is critical for oral health. Disequilibrium or dysbiosis within the plaque biofilms is the initiating event that leads to major oral diseases, such as caries and periodontal disease.
口腔生态系统由口腔菌群（即所谓的口腔微生物群）、口腔不同的解剖微环境及其分泌液唾液组成。口腔微生物群由一组生物体构成，包括细菌、古细菌、真菌、原生动物和病毒。口腔微生物群以浮游生物相生物体的形式悬浮于唾液中，或以菌斑生物膜的形式附着于口腔表面。菌斑生物膜的稳态及其与宿主的共生关系对口腔健康至关重要。菌斑生物膜内的失衡或生态失调是导致龋齿和牙周病等主要口腔疾病的起始事件。
