a National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore.
b Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(5):654-659. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1294184. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is the latest global health concern. Transmission is mainly via Aedes mosquitoes and the infection can be diagnosed on molecular or serologic testings. It typically causes a mild self-remitting illness of low-grade fever, maculopapular rash, and myalgia, but when severe, it is associated with neurological deficits and congenital structural defects. Ocular manifestations are usually mild like nonpurulent conjunctivitis in adults, though it may be linked to uveitis, maculopathy, and hypertensive iridocyclitis. Ocular signs seem to be more significant in congenital ZIKV-macular pigment mottling, neuroretinal atrophy with macular involvement, iris coloboma, and changes in retinal vasculature are noted in infants with infected mothers. Risk factors include ZIKV infection in first trimester and smaller cephalic diameter at birth. Hence, ophthalmic examination in newborns is now recommended. Currently, prevention and active surveillance are integral as there is no known vaccine, and treatment is only symptomatic.
Zika 病毒（ZIKV）是一种蚊媒传播的黄病毒，是当前全球健康关注的焦点。主要通过伊蚊传播，可通过分子或血清学检测进行诊断。其通常引起轻度自限性疾病，表现为低度发热、斑丘疹和肌痛，但严重时可导致神经功能缺损和先天性结构缺陷。眼部表现通常较轻，如成人非化脓性结膜炎，但也可能与葡萄膜炎、黄斑病变和高血压性虹膜睫状体炎有关。在感染母亲的婴儿中，眼部征象更为明显，包括先天性 ZIKV-黄斑色素沉着、黄斑受累的神经视网膜萎缩、虹膜缺损和视网膜血管变化。危险因素包括孕早期 ZIKV 感染和出生时头围较小。因此，现在建议对新生儿进行眼部检查。目前，由于尚无已知疫苗，预防和主动监测至关重要，且治疗仅为对症治疗。
