为应对空气传播传染病患者激增的情况而设立负压隔离病房。
Implementing a negative-pressure isolation ward for a surge in airborne infectious patients.
作者信息
Miller Shelly L, Clements Nicholas, Elliott Steven A, Subhash Shobha S, Eagan Aaron, Radonovich Lewis J
机构信息
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO; National Center for Occupational Health and Infection Control, Patient Care Services, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO; National Center for Occupational Health and Infection Control, Patient Care Services, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL.
出版信息
Am J Infect Control. 2017 Jun 1;45(6):652-659. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.01.029. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
BACKGROUND
During a large-scale airborne infectious disease outbreak, the number of patients needing hospital-based health care services may exceed available negative-pressure isolation room capacity.
METHODS
To test one method of increasing hospital surge capacity, a temporary negative-pressure isolation ward was established at a fully functioning hospital. Negative pressure was achieved in a 30-bed hospital ward by adjusting the ventilation system. Differential pressure was continuously measured at 22 locations, and ventilation airflow was characterized throughout the ward.
RESULTS
The pressure on the test ward relative to the main hospital hallway was -29 Pa on average, approximately 10 times higher than the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance for airborne infection control. No occurrences of pressure reversal occurred at the entrances to the ward, even when staff entered the ward. Pressures within the ward changed, with some rooms becoming neutrally or slightly positively pressurized.
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that establishing a temporary negative-pressure isolation ward is an effective method to increase surge capacity in a hospital.
背景
在大规模空气传播传染病爆发期间，需要住院医疗服务的患者数量可能超过可用的负压隔离病房容量。
方法
为测试一种增加医院应急能力的方法，在一家正常运转的医院设立了一个临时负压隔离病房。通过调整通风系统，在一个有30张床位的医院病房内实现了负压。在22个位置连续测量压差，并对整个病房的通风气流进行了表征。
结果
测试病房相对于医院主走廊的平均压力为-29 Pa，约为疾病控制与预防中心空气传播感染控制指南规定值的10倍。即使工作人员进入病房，病房入口处也未出现压力逆转情况。病房内压力发生了变化，一些房间变为中性压力或轻微正压。
结论
本研究表明，建立临时负压隔离病房是增加医院应急能力的有效方法。
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