Miranda Andreia Machado, Steluti Josiane, Fisberg Regina Mara, Marchioni Dirce Maria
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 14;9(3):276. doi: 10.3390/nu9030276.
Epidemiological studies have examined the effect of coffee intake on cardiovascular disease, but the benefits and risks for the cardiovascular system remain controversial. Our objective was to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and its polyphenols on cardiovascular risk factors. Data came from the "Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA-Capital)" among 557 individuals, in São Paulo, Brazil. Diet was assessed by two 24-h dietary recalls. Coffee consumption was categorized into <1, 1-3, and ≥3 cups/day. Polyphenol intake was calculated by matching food consumption data with the Phenol-Explorer database. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, fasting glucose, and homocysteine) and usual coffee intake. The odds were lower among individuals who drank 1-3 cups of coffee/day to elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.45; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.26, 0.78), elevated diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.98), and hyperhomocysteinemia (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.93). Furthermore, significant inverse associations were also observed between moderate intake of coffee polyphenols and elevated SBP (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.87), elevated DBP (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.98), and hyperhomocysteinemia (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.78). In conclusion, coffee intake of 1-3 cups/day and its polyphenols were associated with lower odds of elevated SBP, DBP, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Thus, the moderate consumption of coffee, a polyphenol-rich beverage, could exert a protective effect against some cardiovascular risk factors.
流行病学研究已考察了咖啡摄入量对心血管疾病的影响，但咖啡对心血管系统的益处和风险仍存在争议。我们的目的是评估咖啡消费及其多酚成分与心血管危险因素之间的关联。数据来自巴西圣保罗市针对557人的“圣保罗健康调查（ISA - 首都）”。通过两次24小时饮食回忆法评估饮食情况。咖啡消费量被分为每天<1杯、1 - 3杯和≥3杯。通过将食物消费数据与酚类物质探索者数据库进行匹配来计算多酚摄入量。使用多元逻辑回归模型评估心血管危险因素（血压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL - c）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - c）、甘油三酯、空腹血糖和同型半胱氨酸）与日常咖啡摄入量之间的关联。对于收缩压（SBP）升高（优势比（OR）= 0.45；95%置信区间（95%CI）：0.26，0.78）、舒张压（DBP）升高（OR = 0.44；95%CI：0.20，0.98）和高同型半胱氨酸血症（OR = 0.32；95%CI：0.11，0.93），每天饮用1 - 3杯咖啡的个体的患病几率较低。此外，在适度摄入咖啡多酚与SBP升高（OR = 0.46；95%CI：0.24，0.87）、DBP升高（OR = 0.51；95%CI：0.26，0.98）和高同型半胱氨酸血症（OR = 0.29；95%CI：0.11，0.78）之间也观察到显著的负相关。总之，每天饮用1 - 3杯咖啡及其多酚成分与SBP、DBP升高和高同型半胱氨酸血症的较低患病几率相关。因此，适度饮用富含多酚的咖啡饮料可能对某些心血管危险因素具有保护作用。
