Wynn Daniel, Deo Sapna, Daunert Sylvia
Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Methods Enzymol. 2017;589:51-85. doi: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.02.005. Epub 2017 Mar 10.
Bacterial whole cell-based biosensors have been genetically engineered to achieve selective and reliable detection of a wide range of hazardous chemicals. Although whole-cell biosensors demonstrate many advantages for field-based detection of target analytes, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed. Most notably, their often modest shelf life and need for special handling and storage make them challenging to use in situations where access to reagents, instrumentation, and expertise are limited. These problems can be circumvented by developing biosensors in Bacillus spores, which can be engineered to address all of these concerns. In its sporulated state, a whole cell-based biosensor has a remarkably long life span and is exceptionally resistant to environmental insult. When these spores are germinated for use in analytical techniques, they show no loss in performance, even after long periods of storage under harsh conditions. In this chapter, we will discuss the development and use of whole cell-based sensors, their adaptation to spore-based biosensors, their current applications, and future directions in the field.
基于细菌全细胞的生物传感器已通过基因工程改造，以实现对多种有害化学物质的选择性和可靠检测。尽管全细胞生物传感器在基于现场的目标分析物检测中显示出许多优势，但仍有一些挑战需要解决。最值得注意的是，它们通常有限的保质期以及对特殊处理和储存的需求，使得它们在试剂、仪器和专业知识获取有限的情况下难以使用。通过在芽孢杆菌孢子中开发生物传感器可以规避这些问题，这种生物传感器经过工程改造可以解决所有这些问题。处于芽孢状态时，基于全细胞的生物传感器具有非常长的寿命，并且对环境损害具有极强的抵抗力。当这些孢子萌发用于分析技术时，即使在恶劣条件下长期储存后，它们的性能也不会下降。在本章中，我们将讨论基于全细胞传感器的开发和使用、它们对基于孢子的生物传感器的适应性、它们目前的应用以及该领域的未来发展方向。
