Vinardell Maria Pilar, Mitjans Montserrat
Physiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2015 Jun 9;5(2):1004-1021. doi: 10.3390/nano5021004.
Nanoparticles have received much attention recently due to their use in cancer therapy. Studies have shown that different metal oxide nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. In some cases, such anticancer activity has been demonstrated to hold for the nanoparticle alone or in combination with different therapies, such as photocatalytic therapy or some anticancer drugs. Zinc oxide nanoparticles have been shown to have this activity alone or when loaded with an anticancer drug, such as doxorubicin. Other nanoparticles that show cytotoxic effects on cancer cells include cobalt oxide, iron oxide and copper oxide. The antitumor mechanism could work through the generation of reactive oxygen species or apoptosis and necrosis, among other possibilities. Here, we review the most significant antitumor results obtained with different metal oxide nanoparticles.
近年来，纳米粒子因在癌症治疗中的应用而备受关注。研究表明，不同的金属氧化物纳米粒子可诱导癌细胞产生细胞毒性，但对正常细胞无此作用。在某些情况下，这种抗癌活性已被证明适用于单独的纳米粒子或与不同疗法（如光催化疗法或某些抗癌药物）联合使用。氧化锌纳米粒子已被证明单独或负载抗癌药物（如阿霉素）时具有这种活性。其他对癌细胞显示出细胞毒性作用的纳米粒子包括氧化钴、氧化铁和氧化铜。抗肿瘤机制可能通过产生活性氧或诱导凋亡和坏死等方式起作用。在此，我们综述了不同金属氧化物纳米粒子所取得的最重要的抗肿瘤结果。
