Vaas Markus, Ni Ruiqing, Rudin Markus, Kipar Anja, Klohs Jan
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, ETH , Zurich , Switzerland.
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Neurol. 2017 Mar 13;8:85. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00085. eCollection 2017.
Middle cerebral artery occlusion is the most common model of focal cerebral ischemia in the mouse. In the surgical procedure, the external carotid artery (ECA) is ligated; however, its effect on the tissue supplied by the vessel has not been described so far. C57BL/6 mice underwent 1 h of transient MCAO (tMCAO) or sham surgery. Multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography was employed at 30 min after surgery to assess oxygenation in the temporal muscles. Microstructural changes were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and histological examination at 24 h and 48 h after surgery. Ligation of the ECA resulted in decreased oxygenation of the left temporal muscle in most sham-operated and tMCAO animals. Susceptible mice of both groups exhibited increased relaxation times in the affected muscle with histological evidence of myofibre degeneration, interstitial edema, and neutrophil influx. Ligatures had induced an extensive neutrophil-dominated inflammatory response. ECA ligation leads to distinct hypoxic degenerative changes in the tissue of the ECA territory and to ligature-induced inflammatory processes. An impact on outcome needs to be considered in this stroke model.
大脑中动脉闭塞是小鼠局灶性脑缺血最常见的模型。在手术过程中，结扎颈外动脉（ECA）；然而，其对该血管所供应组织的影响迄今尚未见报道。对C57BL/6小鼠进行1小时的短暂性大脑中动脉闭塞（tMCAO）或假手术。术后30分钟采用多光谱光声断层扫描评估颞肌的氧合情况。术后24小时和48小时通过磁共振成像和组织学检查评估微观结构变化。在大多数假手术和tMCAO动物中，ECA结扎导致左颞肌氧合降低。两组易感小鼠受累肌肉的弛豫时间均增加，并有肌纤维变性、间质水肿和中性粒细胞浸润的组织学证据。结扎导致了广泛的以中性粒细胞为主的炎症反应。ECA结扎导致ECA区域组织出现明显的缺氧性退行性变化以及结扎诱导的炎症过程。在这个中风模型中需要考虑其对结果的影响。
