Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MOA, Jiang Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China.
School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, P.R. China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 11;7(1):826. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00969-0.
High-fat diets have been associated with overweight/obesity and increased mortality in middle-aged populations. However, it is still unclear how gut microbiota in middle-aged populations responds to dietary fats at a normal dose. In this study, we explored gut microbiota structure in middle-aged rats (aged 12 months) after feeding 4% (w/w) soybean oil, lard or fish oil for 3 months, respectively. The results showed that the gut microbiota structure in the fish oil group was substantially different from those of the soybean oil and lard groups in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The relative abundances of phylum Proteobacteria and genus Desulfovibrio in the caecal and colonic contents were the highest in the fish oil group (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of biomarkers for inflammation in the colon, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18 and TNF-α, were also the highest in the fish oil group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the fish oil group had the highest microbial DNA abundance of a predicted lipid metabolism. Our results gave a new insight into the potentially negative impact of fish oil diet on health of middle-aged populations by changing gut microbiota and inducing inflammation as compared to soybean oil and lard diets.
高脂肪饮食与中年人超重/肥胖和死亡率增加有关。然而，目前尚不清楚正常剂量的膳食脂肪如何影响中年人群的肠道微生物群。在这项研究中，我们分别用 4%（w/w）的大豆油、猪油或鱼油喂养中年大鼠（12 月龄）3 个月，以探讨其肠道微生物群结构。结果表明，在体外和体内研究中，鱼油组的肠道微生物群结构与大豆油组和猪油组有很大的不同。盲肠和结肠内容物中厚壁菌门和脱硫弧菌属的相对丰度在鱼油组最高（p<0.05）。结肠中炎症标志物的 mRNA 水平，包括 IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-18 和 TNF-α，在鱼油组也最高（p<0.05）。同时，鱼油组预测脂质代谢的微生物 DNA 丰度最高。与大豆油和猪油饮食相比，我们的研究结果表明，鱼油饮食通过改变肠道微生物群和诱导炎症，可能对中年人群的健康产生负面影响。
