CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, PR China.
CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2017 Aug;181:111-121. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.061. Epub 2017 Apr 14.
This study aims to investigate the pollution characteristics of road dust and their associated health risks of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) to humans using array-based risk assessment models described by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in a metropolitan area of Hefei, China. Geoaccumulation index (I) was used to describe pollution characteristics of roadside dust in urban, periurban and industrial areas. Results indicate that industrial roadside dust was contaminated with Fe, Ni, Cu, Ti, V, Pb, Ba, Sb, Cr, Sn, Pb, As and Ga showing I value (log (x)) between I class 3 to 4. In other hand, urban roadside dust contamination with Cu, Zn, Sb and Ga ranged between I classes 2 to 3 and with As and Pb ranged between I classes 4 to 5. Furthermore, health risk assessment revealed negligible non-cancerous health hazard in all sites including urban, periurban and industrial areas. The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard Index (HI) values for all exposure routes (ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact) were <1 except for chromium with HI value of 1.06E+00 in industrial areas. Moreover, the most prominent exposure route was ingestion (HQ) and the non-carcinogenic health risks were found to be high in case of children compared to the adults. The cancer risk from As, Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb was found to be in safe levels as the RI (carcinogenic risks) values were below the limits for carcinogens (1.00E-6 to 1.00E-4).
本研究旨在利用美国环保署（USEPA）描述的基于阵列的风险评估模型，调查中国合肥市大都市地区道路灰尘的污染特征及其与潜在有毒元素（PTE）相关的健康风险。采用地积累指数（I）描述城市、城郊和工业区路边灰尘的污染特征。结果表明，工业区路边灰尘受到 Fe、Ni、Cu、Ti、V、Pb、Ba、Sb、Cr、Sn、Pb、As 和 Ga 的污染，其 I 值（log（x））在 I 级 3 到 4 之间。另一方面，城市路边灰尘受到 Cu、Zn、Sb 和 Ga 的污染，其 I 值在 I 级 2 到 3 之间，而 As 和 Pb 的 I 值在 I 级 4 到 5 之间。此外，健康风险评估显示，所有暴露途径（摄入、吸入和皮肤接触）的非致癌健康危害在城市、城郊和工业区均为微不足道。除了工业区的铬，其危害指数（HI）值为 1.06E+00 外，所有暴露途径（摄入、吸入和皮肤接触）的危害系数（HQ）和危害指数（HI）值均<1。此外，最突出的暴露途径是摄入（HQ），与成人相比，儿童的非致癌健康风险被认为很高。As、Co、Cr、Ni 和 Pb 的致癌风险被认为处于安全水平，因为 RI（致癌风险）值低于致癌物的限值（1.00E-6 到 1.00E-4）。
