Lebkiri Nezha, Abbas Younes, Iraqi Driss, Gaboun Fatima, Saghir Karim, Fokar Mohamed, El Hamdi Ismail, Bakhy Khadija, Abdelwahd Rabha, Diria Ghizlane
National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA), Regional Center of Agricultural Research Rabat, Biotechnology Unit, Rabat 10000, Morocco; Polyvalent Team in R&D, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Béni Mellal 23000, Morocco.
Polyvalent Team in R&D, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Béni Mellal 23000, Morocco.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2024 Dec;22(4):100423. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100423. Epub 2024 Sep 24.
Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is a popular Rosa species cultivated for the industrial production of rose oil worldwide. In the current study, the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity among 12 populations of these species collected from Kelaat M'gouna in Morocco were examined to identify more variable traits and compare their genetic structure. Observations were recorded for a total of 24 morphological traits. The phenotypic variation coefficient (CV) of the studied traits varied from 4.79 % to 42.52 %, confirming the high phenotypic variation between accessions. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into two major clusters based on their morphological resemblance. For molecular investigations, nuclear DNA was amplified using 13 ISSR markers. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the highest proportion was within populations (87 %) rather than between them (13 %). Boutaghrar region recorded high values of genetic diversity (He = 0.237), percentage polymorphic loci (PPL = 67 %) and Shannon information index (I = 0.358) Clustering based on Jaccard similarity divided studied the accessions into three distinct clusters. STRUCTURE analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) were consistent with the genetic relationships derived from cluster analysis. Our study suggests that the wide genetic variation and haplotype observed in Moroccan Damascene roses are valuable for future improvement and conservation of rose programs, particularly for enhancing commercial traits, flower yield, and breeding stability.
大马士革玫瑰（Rosa damascena Mill.）是一种广受欢迎的蔷薇属植物，在全球范围内被种植用于玫瑰油的工业生产。在本研究中，对从摩洛哥的凯拉特姆古纳收集的该物种12个种群的形态特征和遗传多样性进行了研究，以确定更多可变性状并比较它们的遗传结构。记录了总共24个形态性状的观察结果。所研究性状的表型变异系数（CV）在4.79%至42.52%之间变化，证实了不同种质间存在较高的表型变异。聚类分析根据形态相似性将种质分为两个主要类群。对于分子研究，使用13个ISSR标记扩增核DNA。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，最高比例存在于种群内部（87%）而非种群之间（13%）。布塔格拉尔地区记录了较高的遗传多样性值（He = 0.237）、多态位点百分比（PPL = 67%）和香农信息指数（I = 0.358）。基于杰卡德相似性的聚类将所研究的种质分为三个不同的类群。结构分析和主坐标分析（PCoA）与聚类分析得出的遗传关系一致。我们的研究表明，在摩洛哥大马士革玫瑰中观察到的广泛遗传变异和单倍型对于未来玫瑰项目的改良和保护具有重要价值，特别是对于增强商业性状、花朵产量和育种稳定性。
