Burton-Freeman Britt, Liyanage Dhanesh, Rahman Sajida, Edirisinghe Indika
Center for Nutrition Research, Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Bedford Park, IL, USA.
Department of Nutritional Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Nutr Healthy Aging. 2017 Mar 31;4(2):157-168. doi: 10.3233/NHA-160018.
Fibers' properties impact different mechanisms involved in satiety and energy intake regulation and metabolic outcomes. Evaluate the effect of fiber types and menopausal status on satiety and metabolic responses in overweight women. In a randomized within-subjects design, 19 overweight/obese women [9 premenopausal and 10 postmenopausal] consumed 3 preloads that varied by fiber content and source: 1) 3:1 ratio of soluble:insoluble fiber (SF), 2) 1:3 ratio of soluble:insoluble fiber (IF), 3) no fiber control (NFC). Subjective satiety, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucose, insulin, and triglyceride (TG) were measured for 3 h post-preload followed by in-lab ad libitum test meal and 32 hour food intake monitoring. Significant preload, time and preload by menopausal status interaction was apparent for hunger and fullness ( < 0.05 for both) with SF preload predominantly more satiating in postmenopausal women. CCK and insulin were significantly lower after SF preload ( < 0.0001 for both). Post-preload glucose responses differed by menopausal status: postmenopausal women distinguished between fiber types unlike premenopausal women ( = 0.02). TG was significantly elevated after the IF preload compared to NFC and SF ( = 0.007 and = 0.008, respectively). dietary recommendations for women during their premenopausal and postmenopausal years can help maximize metabolic and appetite control.
纤维的特性会影响饱腹感、能量摄入调节及代谢结果所涉及的不同机制。评估纤维类型和绝经状态对超重女性饱腹感及代谢反应的影响。在一项随机的受试者内设计中，19名超重/肥胖女性[9名绝经前女性和10名绝经后女性]食用了3种因纤维含量和来源不同的预负荷食物：1）可溶性纤维与不可溶性纤维比例为3:1（SF）；2）可溶性纤维与不可溶性纤维比例为1:3（IF）；3）无纤维对照（NFC）。在预负荷后3小时测量主观饱腹感、胆囊收缩素（CCK）、葡萄糖、胰岛素和甘油三酯（TG），随后进行实验室自由进食测试餐及32小时食物摄入量监测。饥饿感和饱腹感方面，预负荷、时间以及绝经状态的预负荷交互作用显著（两者均P<0.05），SF预负荷在绝经后女性中饱腹感更强。SF预负荷后CCK和胰岛素显著降低（两者均P<0.0001）。预负荷后葡萄糖反应因绝经状态而异：绝经后女性能够区分不同纤维类型，而绝经前女性则不能（P=0.02）。与NFC和SF相比，IF预负荷后TG显著升高（分别为P=0.007和P=0.008）。绝经前和绝经后女性的饮食建议有助于最大限度地控制代谢和食欲。
