Hou Maomao, Jin Qiu, Lu Xinyu, Li Jiyu, Zhong Huizhen, Gao Yue
College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
Institute of Water Conservancy Science of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 May 2;8:666. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00666. eCollection 2017.
Increasing water use efficiency and reducing nitrogen pollutant discharge are important tasks for modern agriculture. To evaluate the effect of alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) on tomato plant growth, water use efficiency and nitrate-N uptake, an experiment was conducted from June to December in 2014 under greenhouse condition in northern China. The experiment contained two irrigation patterns [APRI and conventional irrigation (CI)], two N labeled depths in soil (10 and 50 cm) and two transplant time (early and late summer). Results showed that, compared to CI, APRI did not significantly ( > 0.05) impact the growth and biomass accumulation in aboveground part of tomato, while it enhanced the root, reflecting by greater length density, and more dry mass. APRI produced marginally lower yields, but saved 34.9% of irrigation water, and gave a 37.6-49.9% higher water use efficiency relative to CI. In addition, APRI improved fruit quality, mainly through increasing the contents of soluble solid (by 12.8-21.6%), and vitamin C (2.8-12.7%), and the sugar/acid ratio (3.5-8.5%). The N utilization efficiency (NUE) in APRI was higher than that in CI, which was more evident when N was labeled at 50 cm depth. Significant ( < 0.05) N recovery increase of 10.2-13.2% and N loss decrease of 35.4-54.6% were found for APRI compared to CI. The overall results suggest that APRI under greenhouse could benefit the nitrate-N recovery and increase the water use efficiency in tomato.
提高水分利用效率和减少氮污染物排放是现代农业的重要任务。为了评估交替隔沟灌溉（APRI）对番茄植株生长、水分利用效率和硝态氮吸收的影响，于2014年6月至12月在中国北方的温室条件下进行了一项试验。该试验包含两种灌溉模式[交替隔沟灌溉（APRI）和常规灌溉（CI）]、土壤中两个氮标记深度（10厘米和50厘米）以及两个移栽时间（初夏和夏末）。结果表明，与常规灌溉相比，交替隔沟灌溉对番茄地上部分的生长和生物量积累没有显著（>0.05）影响，但增加了根系，表现为更大的根长密度和更多的干质量。交替隔沟灌溉的产量略低，但节省了34.9%的灌溉用水，相对于常规灌溉，水分利用效率提高了37.6 - 49.9%。此外，交替隔沟灌溉改善了果实品质，主要是通过提高可溶性固形物含量（提高12.8 - 21.6%）、维生素C含量（提高2.8 - 12.7%）以及糖酸比（提高3.5 - 8.5%）。交替隔沟灌溉的氮利用效率高于常规灌溉，当氮标记在50厘米深度时更为明显。与常规灌溉相比，交替隔沟灌溉的氮素回收显著增加（<0.05）10.2 - 13.2%，氮素损失减少35.4 - 54.6%。总体结果表明，温室条件下的交替隔沟灌溉有利于番茄的硝态氮回收并提高水分利用效率。
