Wei Zhenhua, Du Taisheng, Li Xiangnan, Fang Liang, Liu Fulai
Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Mar 27;9:328. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00328. eCollection 2018.
The interactive effects of CO elevation, N fertilization, and reduced irrigation regimes on fruit yield (FY) and quality in tomato ( L.) were investigated in a split-root pot experiment. The plants were grown in two separate climate-controlled greenhouse cells at atmospheric [CO] of 400 and 800 ppm, respectively. In each cell, the plants were fertilized at either 100 or 200 mg N kg soil and were either irrigated to full water holding capacity [i.e., a volumetric soil water content of 18%; full irrigation (FI)], or using 70% water of FI to the whole pot [deficit irrigation (DI)] or alternately to only half of the pot [partial root-zone irrigation (PRI)]. The yield and fruit quality attributes mainly from sugars (sucrose, fructose, and glucose) and organic acids (OAs; citric acid and malic acid) to various ionic (NH, K, Mg, Ca, NO, SO, and PO) concentrations in fruit juice were determined. The results indicated that lower N supply reduced fruit number and yield, whereas it enhanced some of the quality attributes of fruit as indicated by greater firmness and higher concentrations of sugars and OAs. Elevated [CO] ([CO]) attenuated the negative influence of reduced irrigation (DI and PRI) on FY. Principal component analysis revealed that the reduced irrigation regimes, especially PRI, in combination with [CO] could synergistically improve the comprehensive quality of tomato fruits at high N supply. These findings provide useful knowledge for sustaining tomato FY and quality in a future drier and CO-enriched environment.
在一项分根盆栽试验中，研究了二氧化碳浓度升高、氮肥施用和灌溉制度减少对番茄（L.）果实产量（FY）和品质的交互作用。植株分别种植在两个独立的气候控制温室单元中，大气中[CO]浓度分别为400 ppm和800 ppm。在每个单元中，植株分别以100或200 mg N kg土壤的量施肥，并分别灌溉至全持水量[即土壤体积含水量为18%；充分灌溉（FI）]，或使用FI的70%水量灌溉整个花盆[亏缺灌溉（DI）]，或交替仅灌溉花盆的一半[部分根区灌溉（PRI）]。测定了果实产量和果实品质属性，主要包括糖（蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖）、有机酸（OAs；柠檬酸和苹果酸）以及果汁中各种离子（NH、K、Mg、Ca、NO、SO和PO）的浓度。结果表明，较低的氮供应减少了果实数量和产量，而提高了果实的一些品质属性，如硬度增加以及糖和OAs浓度升高。升高[CO]（[CO]）减弱了灌溉减少（DI和PRI）对FY的负面影响。主成分分析表明，在高氮供应条件下，灌溉制度减少（尤其是PRI）与[CO]相结合可协同提高番茄果实的综合品质。这些研究结果为在未来更干燥和二氧化碳浓度升高的环境中维持番茄FY和品质提供了有用的知识。
