Treanor J J, Madore H P, Dolin R
University of Rochester, New York 14642.
J Virol Methods. 1988 Dec;22(2-3):207-14. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(88)90103-6.
The Hawaii agent is a Norwalk-like virus of acute gastroenteritis in humans which is antigenically distinct from the prototype Norwalk agent. We established a solid phase sandwich type microtiter enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for Hawaii antigen employing sera and stools from experimentally challenged volunteers as reagents. This assay detected the Hawaii agent in stools from 3 of 8 volunteers who were ill after oral challenge with the Hawaii agent, including one specimen which was positive to a dilution of 1/320. Virus shedding occurred on days 3 to 7 after challenge. The Hawaii-positive stools did not react in the EIAs for Norwalk and Snow Mountain agent (SMA), nor did Norwalk or SMA-positive stools react in the Hawaii EIA. Human rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, feline calicivirus, and several enteroviruses also did not react in the Hawaii EIA. A blocking EIA to detect serum antibody to the Hawaii agent was also developed employing a diarrheal stool containing Hawaii as a source of antigen. Serum antibody rises were detected in 15 of 16 individuals with experimentally induced illness after challenge and in 3 of 5 individuals who remained well after challenge. The EIA for the Hawaii agent should permit epidemiologic studies of the Hawaii agent to be carried out as well as allow further characterization of the Hawaii virion.
夏威夷毒株是一种引起人类急性肠胃炎的诺如样病毒，在抗原性上与原型诺如毒株不同。我们利用经实验感染的志愿者的血清和粪便作为试剂，建立了一种用于检测夏威夷抗原的固相夹心型微量滴定酶免疫测定法（EIA）。该测定法在8名经口服夏威夷毒株攻击后发病的志愿者中的3人的粪便中检测到了夏威夷毒株，其中一份标本在稀释至1/320时仍呈阳性。病毒在攻击后第3至7天排出。呈夏威夷毒株阳性的粪便在诺如和雪山毒株（SMA）的EIA中无反应，诺如或SMA呈阳性的粪便在夏威夷毒株EIA中也无反应。人轮状病毒、肠道腺病毒、猫杯状病毒和几种肠道病毒在夏威夷毒株EIA中也无反应。我们还开发了一种阻断EIA，以检测针对夏威夷毒株的血清抗体，该方法采用含有夏威夷毒株的腹泻粪便作为抗原来源。在16名经实验诱导发病的个体中的15名以及在5名攻击后未发病的个体中的3名检测到血清抗体升高。针对夏威夷毒株的EIA应能使对夏威夷毒株的流行病学研究得以开展，并有助于对夏威夷病毒体进行进一步的特性分析。
