Centro de Agroingeniería, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA); CV-315, km. 10,7; E-46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Centro de Agroingeniería, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA); CV-315, km. 10,7; E-46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:1344-1362. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.029. Epub 2017 May 15.
Only a portion of the water volume sprayed is deposited on the target when applying plant protection products with air-assisted axial-fan airblast sprayers in high growing crops. A fraction of the off-target losses deposits on the ground, but droplets also drift away from the site. This work aimed at assessing the spray distribution to different compartments (tree canopy, ground and air) during pesticide applications in a Mediterranean citrus orchard. Standard cone nozzles (Teejet D3 DC35) and venturi drift reducing nozzles (Albuz TVI 80 03) were compared. Applications were performed with a conventional air-assisted sprayer, with a spray volume of around 3000lha in a Navel orange orchard. Brilliant Sulfoflavine (BSF) was used as a tracer. Results showed that only around 46% of the applied spray was deposited on the target trees and around 4% of the spray was deposited on adjacent trees from adjoining rows independently of the nozzle type. Applications with standard nozzles produced more potential airborne spray drift (23%) than those with the drift reducing nozzles (17%) but fewer direct losses to the ground (22% vs. 27%). Indirect losses (sedimenting spray drift) to the ground of adjacent paths were around 7-9% in both cases. The important data set of spray distribution in the different compartments around sprayed orchard (air, ground, vegetation) generated in this work is highly useful as input source of exposure to take into account for the risk assessment in Mediterranean citrus scenario.
当在高大作物上使用带有空气辅助轴流风送喷雾器的植保产品时，只有一部分喷雾量会沉积在目标物上。一部分非目标损失会沉积在地面上，但液滴也会从现场漂移。本工作旨在评估在一个地中海柑橘果园中进行农药施药时，喷雾分布到不同的隔室（树冠、地面和空气）的情况。标准锥形喷嘴（Teejet D3 DC35）和文丘里管减漂移喷嘴（Albuz TVI 80 03）进行了比较。应用在一个传统的空气辅助喷雾器上，在一个脐橙果园中喷雾量约为 3000lha。亮绿素磺酸钠（BSF）被用作示踪剂。结果表明，只有约 46%的施用药剂沉积在目标树上，约 4%的药剂沉积在相邻行的相邻树上，而与喷嘴类型无关。使用标准喷嘴进行的施药产生了更多的潜在空气传播喷雾漂移（23%），而使用减漂移喷嘴的施药产生的直接损失（22%）比那些更少，地面损失（27%）。在两种情况下，对相邻路径的地面间接损失（沉降喷雾漂移）约为 7-9%。在这项工作中生成的关于喷雾在喷洒果园周围不同隔室（空气、地面、植被）中的分布的重要数据集，作为暴露的输入源在评估地中海柑橘情景中的风险时非常有用。
