a Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmacy , State University of Maringa , Maringa , Brazil.
Pharm Dev Technol. 2018 Apr;23(4):316-323. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1337793. Epub 2017 Jun 21.
The use of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (IMNP) in medical and pharmaceutical areas dates to the beginning of the 1970s, as carriers. Some other uses to these nanoparticles are in vitro separation, magnetic resonance imaging and drug targeting agent. Many preparations containing IMNP have been described and used in drug delivery, hyperthermia, in vitro separation, tissue repair, cellular therapy, for magnetic separation, magnetic resonance imaging, as spoilers for magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and more recently as sensors for metabolites and other biomolecules. The use of these nanostructures as antibacterial agents has also been reported, which could kill some bacteria species causing no damage to the human host cells. Recently, they have been used as hyperthermia agents to treat infections or cancer, which are more susceptible than the healthy host's cells. Engineering designs, physiochemical characteristics, biomedical applications of IMNP, toxicity and magnetic nanotoxicology have been discussed. However, the application of IMNP as antimicrobials is very important. Thus, this review explores the therapeutic activities of IMNP and their use as antimicrobial agents. These nanoparticles can be efficient for the treatment of microbial infections, probably acting as membrane permeability enhancer, damaging the cell wall or by generating reactive oxygen species.
氧化铁磁性纳米粒子（IMNP）在医学和制药领域的应用可以追溯到 20 世纪 70 年代初，作为载体。这些纳米粒子还有其他一些用途，如体外分离、磁共振成像和药物靶向剂。已经描述了许多含有 IMNP 的制剂，并将其用于药物输送、热疗、体外分离、组织修复、细胞治疗、用于磁性分离、磁共振成像、作为磁共振波谱的干扰物，以及最近作为代谢物和其他生物分子的传感器。这些纳米结构作为抗菌剂的应用也有报道，它可以杀死一些细菌，而不会对人类宿主细胞造成损害。最近，它们被用作热疗剂来治疗感染或癌症，这些疾病比健康宿主细胞更易受影响。已经讨论了 IMNP 的工程设计、物理化学特性、生物医学应用、毒性和磁性纳米毒理学。然而，IMNP 作为抗菌剂的应用非常重要。因此，本综述探讨了 IMNP 的治疗活性及其作为抗菌剂的用途。这些纳米粒子可有效治疗微生物感染，可能通过充当细胞膜通透性增强剂、破坏细胞壁或通过生成活性氧来发挥作用。
