了解大学一年级期间体育活动的环境和背景影响：在MovingU研究中使用生态瞬时评估的可行性。
Understanding Environmental and Contextual Influences of Physical Activity During First-Year University: The Feasibility of Using Ecological Momentary Assessment in the MovingU Study.
作者信息
Bedard Chloe, King-Dowling Sara, McDonald Madeline, Dunton Genevieve, Cairney John, Kwan Matthew
机构信息
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
出版信息
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2017 May 31;3(2):e32. doi: 10.2196/publichealth.7010.
BACKGROUND
It is well established that drastic declines in physical activity (PA) occur during young adults' transition into university; however, our understanding of contextual and environmental factors as it relates to young adults' PA is limited.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of our study was to examine the feasibility of using wrist-worn accelerometers and the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess the context and momentary correlates of PA on multiple occasions each day during first-year university.
METHODS
First-year university students were asked to participate in the study. The participants completed a brief questionnaire and were subsequently asked to wear an ActiGraph GT9X-Link accelerometer and respond to a series of EMA prompts (7/day) via their phones for 5 consecutive days.
RESULTS
A total of 96 first-year university students with smartphones agreed to participate in the study (mean age 18.3 [SD 0.51]; n=45 females). Overall, there was good compliance for wearing the accelerometers, with 91% (78/86) of the participants having ≥2 days of ≥10 hours of wear time (mean=3.53 valid days). Students were generally active, averaging 10,895 steps/day (SD 3413) or 1123.23 activity counts/min (SD 356.10). Compliance to EMA prompts was less desirable, with 64% (55/86) of the participants having usable EMA data (responding to a minimum of ≥3 days of 3 prompts/day or ≥4 days of 2 prompts/day), and only 47% (26/55) of these participants were considered to have excellent EMA compliance (responding to ≥5 days of 4 prompts/day or ≥ 4 days of 5 prompts/day).
CONCLUSIONS
This study represents one of the first studies to use an intensive real-time data capture strategy to examine time-varying correlates of PA among first-year university students. These data will aim to describe the physical and social contexts in which PA occurs and examine the relationships between momentary correlates of PA among the first-year university students. Overall, current results suggest that wrist-worn accelerometers and EMA are feasible methods for data collection among the young adult population; however, more work is needed to understand how to improve upon compliance to a real-time data capture method such as EMA.
背景
众所周知，年轻人进入大学期间身体活动（PA）会急剧下降；然而，我们对与年轻人PA相关的背景和环境因素的了解有限。
目的
我们研究的目的是检验使用腕部佩戴式加速度计以及生态瞬时评估（EMA）来评估大学一年级学生每天多次PA的背景和瞬时相关因素的可行性。
方法
邀请大学一年级学生参与研究。参与者完成一份简短问卷，随后被要求佩戴ActiGraph GT9X-Link加速度计，并通过手机连续5天每天对一系列EMA提示（每天7次）做出回应。
结果
共有96名拥有智能手机的大学一年级学生同意参与研究（平均年龄18.3岁[标准差0.51]；45名女性）。总体而言，佩戴加速度计的依从性良好，91%（78/86）的参与者有≥2天佩戴时间≥10小时（平均有效天数=3.53天）。学生们总体较为活跃，平均每天步数为10,895步（标准差3413）或每分钟活动计数为1123.23次（标准差356.10）。对EMA提示的依从性不太理想，64%（55/86）的参与者有可用的EMA数据（至少对≥3天每天3次提示或≥4天每天2次提示做出回应），这些参与者中只有47%（26/55）被认为具有良好的EMA依从性（对≥5天每天4次提示或≥4天每天5次提示做出回应）。
结论
本研究是首批使用密集实时数据采集策略来研究大学一年级学生PA的时变相关因素的研究之一。这些数据旨在描述PA发生的身体和社会背景，并检验大学一年级学生PA的瞬时相关因素之间的关系。总体而言，目前的结果表明腕部佩戴式加速度计和EMA是在年轻人群中收集数据的可行方法；然而，需要开展更多工作来了解如何提高对诸如EMA这种实时数据采集方法的依从性。
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