Arhakis Aristidis, Athanasiadou Eirini, Vlachou Christina
School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Open Dent J. 2017 Jan 31;11:41-47. doi: 10.2174/1874210601711010041. eCollection 2017.
Injuries concerning the skull, the mouth and thus potentially involving the mouth and teeth are characterized as major public health problems due to their high prevalence and very serious functional and aesthetic consequences. Pain, aesthetic and functional problems arising from dental trauma significantly disrupt normal function, and impact, often dramatically, on young patients' quality of life.
With regards to the behavior management approach to a child who has suffered a dental trauma, dentist's first step is to be to reassure child and parents. They should feel that the emergency is being properly treated on the part of the dentist and feel safe. The dentist should offer psychological support to child and parents and focus on alleviating any possible pain the child may feel. But, before that, a good level of communication with the child should be established.
This can be achieved through the tell-show-do technique, a presentation of the special session's structure, the positive reinforcement method, the attention distraction method and exploiting the child's imagination. The detailed description of the treatment to be followed is crucial for reducing the child's level of stress, as well as that of the parents. Immediately after the completion of treatment, dentist should give listening time to the parents for any queries and include the child who probably wants to share their experience.
涉及颅骨、口腔并因此可能累及口腔和牙齿的损伤，因其高发生率以及非常严重的功能和美学后果，被视为重大公共卫生问题。牙科创伤引起的疼痛、美学和功能问题会严重干扰正常功能，并常常对年轻患者的生活质量产生重大影响。
对于遭受牙科创伤的儿童，在行为管理方法方面，牙医的首要步骤是安抚儿童及其父母。他们应感觉到牙医正在妥善处理紧急情况并感到安全。牙医应向儿童及其父母提供心理支持，并专注于减轻儿童可能感受到的任何疼痛。但是，在此之前，应与儿童建立良好的沟通水平。
这可以通过告知-展示-操作技术、介绍特别环节的结构、积极强化方法、注意力分散方法以及利用儿童的想象力来实现。详细描述后续治疗对于降低儿童以及父母的压力水平至关重要。治疗完成后，牙医应立即倾听父母的任何疑问，并让可能想要分享经历的儿童参与进来。
