Hendrikson Wim J, van Blitterswijk Clemens A, Rouwkema Jeroen, Moroni Lorenzo
Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2017 May 17;5:30. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00030. eCollection 2017.
Computational modeling has been increasingly applied to the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Where in early days computational models were used to better understand the biomechanical requirements of targeted tissues to be regenerated, recently, more and more models are formulated to combine such biomechanical requirements with cell fate predictions to aid in the design of functional three-dimensional scaffolds. In this review, we highlight how computational modeling has been used to understand the mechanisms behind tissue formation and can be used for more rational and biomimetic scaffold-based tissue regeneration strategies. With a particular focus on musculoskeletal tissues, we discuss recent models attempting to predict cell activity in relation to specific mechanical and physical stimuli that can be applied to them through porous three-dimensional scaffolds. In doing so, we review the most common scaffold fabrication methods, with a critical view on those technologies that offer better properties to be more easily combined with computational modeling. Finally, we discuss how modeling, and in particular finite element analysis, can be used to optimize the design of scaffolds for skeletal tissue regeneration.
计算建模已越来越多地应用于组织工程和再生医学领域。早期，计算模型用于更好地理解待再生目标组织的生物力学需求，而近来，越来越多的模型被构建，将此类生物力学需求与细胞命运预测相结合，以辅助功能性三维支架的设计。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了计算建模如何用于理解组织形成背后的机制，以及如何用于更合理、仿生的基于支架的组织再生策略。特别关注肌肉骨骼组织，我们讨论了最近的模型，这些模型试图预测与特定机械和物理刺激相关的细胞活性，这些刺激可通过多孔三维支架施加于它们。在此过程中，我们回顾了最常见的支架制造方法，并批判性地审视了那些具有更好特性、更易于与计算建模相结合的技术。最后，我们讨论了建模，特别是有限元分析，如何用于优化骨骼组织再生支架的设计。
