因持续性注意力不集中而遗忘。
Forgetting from lapses of sustained attention.
机构信息
Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Institute for Mind and Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
出版信息
Psychon Bull Rev. 2018 Apr;25(2):605-611. doi: 10.3758/s13423-017-1309-5.
When performing any task for an extended period of time, attention fluctuates between good and bad states. These fluctuations affect performance in the moment, but may also have lasting consequences for what gets encoded into memory. Experiment 1 establishes this relationship between attentional states and memory, by showing that subsequent memory for an item was predicted by a response time index of sustained attention (average response time during the three trials prior to stimulus onset). Experiment 2 strengthens the causal interpretation of this predictive relationship by treating the sustained attention index as an independent variable to trigger the appearance of an encoding trial. Subsequent memory was better when items were triggered from good versus bad attentional states. Together, these findings suggest that sustained attention can have downstream consequences for what we remember, and they highlight the inferential utility of adaptive experimental designs. By continuously monitoring attention, we can influence what will later be remembered.
当长时间执行某项任务时，注意力会在良好和不良状态之间波动。这些波动会影响当下的表现，但也可能对记忆中的编码内容产生持久的影响。实验 1 通过显示对项目的后续记忆可以由持续注意力的反应时间指数（在刺激出现前的三个试验中平均反应时间）来预测，从而确立了注意力状态与记忆之间的这种关系。实验 2 通过将持续注意力指数作为独立变量来触发编码试验的出现，从而加强了这种预测关系的因果解释。当项目从良好的注意力状态或不良的注意力状态中触发时，后续记忆会更好。总之，这些发现表明，持续注意力可以对我们的记忆产生下游影响，并且突出了自适应实验设计的推理效用。通过持续监测注意力，我们可以影响稍后将被记住的内容。
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