Yanagihara R, Amyx H L, Gajdusek D C
J Virol. 1985 Jul;55(1):34-8. doi: 10.1128/JVI.55.1.34-38.1985.
Subclinical chronic infections characterized by transient viremia, prolonged virus shedding in oropharyngeal secretions and feces, and virus persistence in tissues (particularly lung) developed in laboratory-bred weanling bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) inoculated intramuscularly with Puumala virus (strain Hällnäs), the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica. Viral antigen, as evidence by granular fluorescence, was detected in the lungs, liver, spleen, pancreas, salivary glands, and small intestine. Infectious virus was found in the lungs from 14 to 270 days postinoculation, and feces and urine collected 35 to 130 days postinoculation were regularly and sporadically infectious, respectively. Horizontal transmission coincided with virus shedding in oropharyngeal secretions. Suckling voles also developed asymptomatic persistent infections after intracerebral inoculation, and histopathological changes were absent despite widespread infection. Our data resemble findings in Apodemus agrarius experimentally infected with Hantaan virus, the prototype virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, suggesting that the mechanisms of maintenance and transmission of Puumala and Hantaan viruses are similar in their respective wild-rodent hosts.
以短暂病毒血症、口咽分泌物和粪便中病毒长期排出以及病毒在组织（特别是肺）中持续存在为特征的亚临床慢性感染，在实验室饲养的断奶林姬鼠（Clethrionomys glareolus）中出现，这些林姬鼠经肌肉注射普马拉病毒（菌株Hällnäs），该病毒是流行性肾病的病原体。通过颗粒状荧光检测到，在肺、肝、脾、胰腺、唾液腺和小肠中存在病毒抗原。接种后14至270天在肺中发现有感染性病毒，接种后35至130天收集的粪便和尿液分别定期和偶尔具有感染性。水平传播与口咽分泌物中病毒排出同时发生。乳鼠脑内接种后也出现无症状的持续感染，尽管感染广泛，但未出现组织病理学变化。我们的数据类似于在实验感染汉坦病毒（肾综合征出血热原型病毒）的黑线姬鼠中的发现，表明普马拉病毒和汉坦病毒在各自野生啮齿动物宿主中的维持和传播机制相似。
