Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, 6002Q, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2017 Aug;15(4):376-384. doi: 10.1007/s11914-017-0382-z.
The gut microbiota can be considered a hidden organ that plays essential roles in host homeostasis. Exploration of the effects of microbiota on bone has just begun. Complimentary studies using germ-free mice, antibiotic, and probiotic treatments reveal a complicated relationship between microbiota and bone. Here, we review recent reports addressing the effect of gut microbiota on bone health, discuss potential reasons for discrepant findings, and explore potential mechanisms for these effects.
Manipulation of microbiota by colonization of germ-free mice, antibiotics, or probiotic supplementation significantly alters bone remodeling, bone development and growth, as well as bone mechanical strength. Different experimental models reveal context-dependent effects of gut microbiota on bone. By examining phenotypic effects, experimental context, and proposed mechanisms, revealed by recent reports, we hope to provide comprehensive and fresh insights into the many facets of microbiota and bone interactions.
肠道微生物群可以被视为一个隐藏的器官，在宿主的动态平衡中起着至关重要的作用。目前对微生物群影响骨骼的研究才刚刚开始。使用无菌小鼠、抗生素和益生菌治疗的补充研究揭示了微生物群与骨骼之间复杂的关系。在这里，我们综述了最近关于肠道微生物群对骨骼健康影响的报告，讨论了导致这些结果不一致的潜在原因，并探讨了这些影响的潜在机制。
通过无菌小鼠定植、抗生素或益生菌补充来操纵微生物群，显著改变了骨重塑、骨发育和生长以及骨机械强度。不同的实验模型揭示了肠道微生物群对骨骼的依赖于环境的影响。通过检查最近报告中揭示的表型影响、实验环境和提出的机制，我们希望为微生物群和骨骼相互作用的许多方面提供全面和新颖的见解。
