Raine Lauren B, Khan Naiman A, Drollette Eric S, Pontifex Matthew B, Kramer Arthur F, Hillman Charles H
Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
J Pediatr. 2017 Aug;187:134-140.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.05.023. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
To evaluate the effects of a 9-month physical activity intervention on changes in adiposity and cognitive control based on pretrial weight status (ie, healthy weight vs obese) in children.
Participants included obese (n = 77) and matched healthy-weight (n = 77) preadolescents (8-9 years) who participated in a 9-month physical activity randomized controlled trial. Cognitive function was assessed with an inhibitory control task (modified flanker task).
After the 9-month physical activity intervention, participants exhibited a reduction in adiposity. In contrast, children in the waitlist-control condition, particularly children identified as obese pretrial, gained visceral adipose tissue (P= .008). Changes in visceral adipose tissue were related to changes in cognitive performance, such that the degree of reduction in visceral adipose tissue directly related to greater gains in inhibitory control, particularly among obese intervention participants (CI -0.14, -0.04; P= .001).
Participation in a daily physical activity program not only reduces adiposity but also improves children's cognitive function as demonstrated by an inhibitory control task. Furthermore, these findings reveal that the benefits of physical activity to improvements in cognitive function are particularly evident among children who are obese.
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01334359 and NCT01619826.
根据儿童试验前的体重状况（即健康体重与肥胖），评估为期9个月的体育活动干预对肥胖和认知控制变化的影响。
参与者包括肥胖（n = 77）和匹配的健康体重（n = 77）的青春期前儿童（8 - 9岁），他们参与了一项为期9个月的体育活动随机对照试验。认知功能通过抑制控制任务（改良侧翼任务）进行评估。
经过9个月的体育活动干预后，参与者的肥胖程度有所降低。相比之下，等待名单对照组的儿童，尤其是试验前被认定为肥胖的儿童，内脏脂肪组织增加（P = 0.008）。内脏脂肪组织的变化与认知表现的变化相关，即内脏脂肪组织减少的程度与抑制控制能力的更大提升直接相关，特别是在肥胖的干预参与者中（置信区间 -0.14，-0.04；P = 0.001）。
参与日常体育活动计划不仅能降低肥胖程度，还能通过抑制控制任务证明改善儿童的认知功能。此外，这些发现表明体育活动对认知功能改善的益处在肥胖儿童中尤为明显。
ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT01334359和NCT01619826。
