Berer Marge
International coordinator of the International Campaign for Women's Right to Safe Abortion, London, UK, and was the editor of Reproductive Health Matters, which she founded, from 1993 to 2015.
Health Hum Rights. 2017 Jun;19(1):13-27.
The aim of this paper is to provide a panoramic view of laws and policies on abortion around the world, giving a range of country-based examples. It shows that the plethora of convoluted laws and restrictions surrounding abortion do not make any legal or public health sense. What makes abortion safe is simple and irrefutable-when it is available on the woman's request and is universally affordable and accessible. From this perspective, few existing laws are fit for purpose. However, the road to law reform is long and difficult. In order to achieve the right to safe abortion, advocates will need to study the political, health system, legal, juridical, and socio-cultural realities surrounding existing law and policy in their countries, and decide what kind of law they want (if any). The biggest challenge is to determine what is possible to achieve, build a critical mass of support, and work together with legal experts, parliamentarians, health professionals, and women themselves to change the law-so that everyone with an unwanted pregnancy who seeks an abortion can have it, as early as possible and as late as necessary.
本文旨在全面审视世界各地有关堕胎的法律和政策，并列举一系列基于不同国家的实例。结果表明，围绕堕胎的大量复杂法律和限制并无任何法律或公共卫生意义。保障堕胎安全的要素简单且无可辩驳，即应女性要求即可进行堕胎，且费用普遍可承受、易于获得。从这一角度来看，现有的法律很少符合实际需求。然而，法律改革之路漫长且艰难。为实现安全堕胎权，倡导者需要研究本国现有法律和政策所涉及的政治、卫生系统、法律、司法以及社会文化现实情况，并决定他们希望制定什么样的法律（如果需要的话）。最大的挑战在于确定能够实现的目标，凝聚大量支持力量，并与法律专家、议员、卫生专业人员以及女性自身共同努力修改法律，以便让每一位意外怀孕且寻求堕胎的女性都能尽早、在必要时如愿以偿。
