Brown Melanie L, Rojas Enrique, Gouda Suzanne
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
Department of Pain, Palliative Care and Integrative Medicine, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA.
Children (Basel). 2017 Jun 20;4(6):50. doi: 10.3390/children4060050.
Pain is a significant public health problem that affects all populations and has significant financial, physical and psychological impact. Opioid medications, once the mainstay of pain therapy across the spectrum, can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Centers for Disease and Control (CDC) guidelines recommend that non-opioid pain medications are preferred for chronic pain outside of certain indications (cancer, palliative and end of life care). Mindfulness, hypnosis, acupuncture and yoga are four examples of mind-body techniques that are often used in the adult population for pain and symptom management. In addition to providing significant pain relief, several studies have reported reduced use of opioid medications when mind-body therapies are implemented. Mind-body medicine is another approach that can be used in children with both acute and chronic pain to improve pain management and quality of life.
疼痛是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着所有人群，并产生重大的经济、身体和心理影响。阿片类药物曾是各类疼痛治疗的主要手段，但可能会导致显著的发病率和死亡率。疾病控制中心（CDC）指南建议，对于某些特定适应症（癌症、姑息治疗和临终关怀）以外的慢性疼痛，非阿片类止痛药物是首选。正念、催眠、针灸和瑜伽是身心疗法的四个例子，这些疗法常用于成年人群体的疼痛和症状管理。除了能显著缓解疼痛外，多项研究报告称，实施身心疗法时阿片类药物的使用量有所减少。身心医学是另一种可用于患有急慢性疼痛儿童的方法，以改善疼痛管理和生活质量。
