Ebi Kristie L, Otmani Del Barrio Mariam
Department of Global Health and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA.
Evidence and Policy on Environmental Health Unit, Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization , Geneva, Switzerland.
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Jun 20;125(6):065001. doi: 10.1289/EHP405.
There is limited published evidence of the effectiveness of adaptation in managing the health risks of climate variability and change in low- and middle-income countries.
To document lessons learned and good practice examples from health adaptation pilot projects in low- and middle-income countries to facilitate assessing and overcoming barriers to implementation and to scaling up.
We evaluated project reports and related materials from the first five years of implementation (2008-2013) of multinational health adaptation projects in Albania, Barbados, Bhutan, China, Fiji, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Philippines, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. We also collected qualitative data through a focus group consultation and 19 key informant interviews.
Our recommendations include that national health plans, policies, and budget processes need to explicitly incorporate the risks of current and projected climate variability and change. Increasing resilience is likely to be achieved through longer-term, multifaceted, and collaborative approaches, with supporting activities (and funding) for capacity building, communication, and institutionalized monitoring and evaluation. Projects should be encouraged to focus not just on shorter-term outputs to address climate variability, but also on establishing processes to address longer-term climate change challenges. Opportunities for capacity development should be created, identified, and reinforced.
Our analyses highlight that, irrespective of resource constraints, ministries of health and other institutions working on climate-related health issues in low- and middle-income countries need to continue to prepare themselves to prevent additional health burdens in the context of a changing climate and socioeconomic development patterns. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP405.
在低收入和中等收入国家，关于适应措施在应对气候多变性和气候变化带来的健康风险方面有效性的公开证据有限。
记录低收入和中等收入国家健康适应试点项目的经验教训和良好实践案例，以促进评估和克服实施障碍并扩大规模。
我们评估了阿尔巴尼亚、巴巴多斯、不丹、中国、斐济、约旦、哈萨克斯坦、肯尼亚、吉尔吉斯斯坦、菲律宾、俄罗斯联邦、塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦等多国健康适应项目实施头五年（2008 - 2013年）的项目报告及相关材料。我们还通过焦点小组磋商和19次关键 informant 访谈收集了定性数据。
我们的建议包括，国家卫生计划、政策和预算流程需要明确纳入当前和预计的气候多变性及变化带来的风险。通过长期、多方面和协作的方法，以及为能力建设、沟通和制度化监测与评估提供支持活动（和资金），可能会提高复原力。应鼓励项目不仅关注应对气候多变性的短期产出，还应关注建立应对长期气候变化挑战的流程。应创造、识别并加强能力发展机会。
我们的分析强调，无论资源限制如何，低收入和中等收入国家的卫生部及其他处理与气候相关健康问题的机构需要继续做好准备，以在气候变化和社会经济发展模式不断变化的背景下预防额外的健康负担。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP405 。
“informant”常见释义为“提供信息者” ，这里结合语境暂保留英文未翻译，你可根据实际情况进一步调整 。
