Farm Bustanul Arifin S, Perwitasari Dyah Aryani, Thobari Jarir At, Cao Qi, Krabbe Paul F M, Postma Maarten J
Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology & Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; RSUD Banggai Laut Hospital, Banggai Laut Local Government, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia; Institute of Science in Healthy Aging & healthcaRE (SHARE), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Value Health Reg Issues. 2017 May;12:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 May 4.
To translate, revise, and validate the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) instrument for Indonesian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) outpatients with various complications.
Participants were recruited from four hospitals and two primary health care centers. The study was performed with forward and backward translations, an adaptation testing with a small subset of participants, and validation analysis. Factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation and promax rotation was then used to investigate the instrument structure. Internal consistency among the items was estimated using Cronbach α for each domain of the DDS.
In total, 324 participants (246 from the hospitals and 78 from the primary health care centers) were involved in this study. To improve participant comprehension of the exact meaning of questions, examples of daily activities for patients with T2DM (e.g., diet, exercise, and adherence to therapy) were added to some questions after the translation and revision procedures. The factor analysis revealed a correlation among the four factors ranging from 0.40 to 0.67. The factor loadings of selected items from the four factors ranged from 0.41 to 0.98. The order of the four factors in the factor analysis was as follows: interpersonal distress, emotional burden, physician distress, and regimen distress. The internal consistency for the four domains ranged from 0.78 to 0.83. The instrument resulting from this study was labeled "DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia."
The DDS17 Bahasa Indonesia provides an initial psychometric validation study, factor structure, and internal consistency for assessing the distress of Indonesian T2DM outpatients. Use of this instrument in future research and clinical trials is recommended for the Indonesian context.
对糖尿病困扰量表（DDS）进行翻译、修订并验证，以适用于患有各种并发症的印度尼西亚2型糖尿病（T2DM）门诊患者。
从四家医院和两个初级卫生保健中心招募参与者。研究通过正向和反向翻译、对一小部分参与者进行适应性测试以及验证分析来进行。然后使用最大似然估计和斜交旋转的因子分析来研究该量表的结构。使用克朗巴赫α系数对DDS每个领域的项目内部一致性进行估计。
共有324名参与者（246名来自医院，78名来自初级卫生保健中心）参与了本研究。为了提高参与者对问题确切含义的理解，在翻译和修订程序后，在一些问题中添加了T2DM患者日常活动的示例（如饮食、运动和治疗依从性）。因子分析显示四个因子之间的相关性在0.40至0.67之间。四个因子中选定项目的因子载荷在0.41至0.98之间。因子分析中四个因子的顺序如下：人际困扰、情感负担、医生困扰和治疗方案困扰。四个领域的内部一致性在0.78至0.83之间。本研究得出的量表被标记为“印尼语版DDS17”。
印尼语版DDS17为评估印度尼西亚T2DM门诊患者的困扰提供了初步的心理测量学验证研究、因子结构和内部一致性。建议在印度尼西亚的背景下，在未来的研究和临床试验中使用该量表。
