Burns Sara M, Turner Dana P, Sexton Katherine E, Deng Hao, Houle Timothy T
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Headache. 2017 Sep;57(8):1217-1227. doi: 10.1111/head.13130. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
To investigate migraine patterns in the United States using Google search data and utilize this information to better understand societal-level trends. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate time-series relationships between migraines and social factors.
Extensive research has been done on clinical factors associated with migraines, yet population-level social factors have not been widely explored. Migraine internet search data may provide insight into migraine trends beyond information that can be gleaned from other sources.
In this longitudinal analysis of open access data, we performed a time-series analysis in which about 12 years of Google Trends data (January 1, 2004 to August 15, 2016) were assessed. Data points were captured at a daily level and Google's 0-100 adjusted scale was used as the primary outcome to enable the comparison of relative popularity in the migraine search term. We hypothesized that the volume of relative migraine Google searches would be affected by societal aspects such as day of the week, holidays, and novel social events.
Several recurrent social factors that drive migraine searches were identified. Of these, day of the week had the most significant impact on the volume of Google migraine searches. On average, Mondays accumulated 13.31 higher relative search volume than Fridays (95% CI: 11.12-15.51, P ≤ .001). Surprisingly, holidays were associated with lower relative migraine search volumes. Christmas Day had 13.84 lower relative search volumes (95% CI: 6.26-21.43, P ≤ .001) and Thanks giving had 20.18 lower relative search volumes (95% CI: 12.55-27.82, P ≤ .001) than days that were not holidays. Certain novel social events and extreme weather also appear to be associated with relative migraine Google search volume.
Social factors play a crucial role in explaining population level migraine patterns, and thus, warrant further exploration.
利用谷歌搜索数据调查美国的偏头痛模式，并利用这些信息更好地了解社会层面的趋势。此外，我们旨在评估偏头痛与社会因素之间的时间序列关系。
关于与偏头痛相关的临床因素已经进行了广泛研究，但人群层面的社会因素尚未得到广泛探索。偏头痛互联网搜索数据可能提供超出从其他来源收集到的信息之外的偏头痛趋势见解。
在这项对开放获取数据的纵向分析中，我们进行了一项时间序列分析，评估了约12年的谷歌趋势数据（2004年1月1日至2016年8月15日）。数据点按日收集，谷歌的0 - 100调整量表用作主要结果，以便比较偏头痛搜索词的相对流行度。我们假设相对偏头痛谷歌搜索量会受到诸如星期几、节假日和新的社会事件等社会因素的影响。
确定了几个驱动偏头痛搜索的反复出现的社会因素。其中，星期几对谷歌偏头痛搜索量的影响最为显著。平均而言，周一的相对搜索量比周五高13.31（95%置信区间：11.12 - 15.51，P≤.001）。令人惊讶的是，节假日与较低的相对偏头痛搜索量相关。圣诞节的相对搜索量比非节假日低13.84（95%置信区间：6.26 - 21.43，P≤.001），感恩节的相对搜索量比非节假日低20.18（95%置信区间：12.55 - 27.82，P≤.001）。某些新的社会事件和极端天气似乎也与相对偏头痛谷歌搜索量有关。
社会因素在解释人群层面的偏头痛模式中起着关键作用，因此值得进一步探索。
