Reid Lee B, Sale Martin V, Cunnington Ross, Mattingley Jason B, Rose Stephen E
The Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2017 Sep;38(9):4302-4312. doi: 10.1002/hbm.23514. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
We have reported reliable changes in behavior, brain structure, and function in 24 healthy right-handed adults who practiced a finger-thumb opposition sequence task with their left hand for 10 min daily, over 4 weeks. Here, we extend these findings by using diffusion MRI to investigate white-matter changes in the corticospinal tract, basal-ganglia, and connections of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Twenty-three participant datasets were available with pre-training and post-training scans. Task performance improved in all participants (mean: 52.8%, SD: 20.0%; group P < 0.01 FWE) and widespread microstructural changes were detected across the motor system of the "trained" hemisphere. Specifically, region-of-interest-based analyses of diffusion MRI (n = 22) revealed significantly increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right caudate nucleus (4.9%; P < 0.05 FWE), and decreased mean diffusivity in the left nucleus accumbens (-1.3%; P < 0.05 FWE). Diffusion MRI tractography (n = 22), seeded by sensorimotor cortex fMRI activation, also revealed increased FA in the right corticospinal tract (mean 3.28%; P < 0.05 FWE) predominantly reflecting decreased radial diffusivity. These changes were consistent throughout the entire length of the tract. The left corticospinal tract did not show any changes. FA also increased in white matter connections between the right middle frontal gyrus and both right caudate nucleus (17/22 participants; P < 0.05 FWE) and right supplementary motor area (18/22 participants; P < 0.05 FWE). Equivalent changes in FA were not seen in the left (non-trained) hemisphere. In combination with our functional and structural findings, this study provides detailed, multifocal evidence for widespread neuroplastic changes in the human brain resulting from motor training. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4302-4312, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
我们已经报道了24名健康的右利手成年人在4周时间里，每天用左手练习10分钟拇指对指序列任务后，行为、脑结构和功能方面出现的可靠变化。在此，我们通过使用扩散磁共振成像（diffusion MRI）来研究皮质脊髓束、基底神经节以及背外侧前额叶皮质连接中的白质变化，从而扩展了这些发现。共有23名参与者的数据集有训练前和训练后的扫描结果。所有参与者的任务表现均有改善（平均值：52.8%，标准差：20.0%；组内P < 0.01，家族性错误率校正），并且在“训练”半球的运动系统中检测到广泛的微观结构变化。具体而言，基于感兴趣区域的扩散磁共振成像分析（n = 22）显示，右侧尾状核的分数各向异性（FA）显著增加（4.9%；P < 0.05，家族性错误率校正），左侧伏隔核的平均扩散率降低（-1.3%；P < 0.05，家族性错误率校正）。以感觉运动皮质功能磁共振成像激活为种子点的扩散磁共振成像纤维束成像（n = 22）也显示右侧皮质脊髓束的FA增加（平均3.28%；P < 0.05，家族性错误率校正），主要反映了径向扩散率的降低。这些变化在整个纤维束长度上是一致的。左侧皮质脊髓束未显示任何变化。右侧额中回与右侧尾状核（17/22名参与者；P < 0.05，家族性错误率校正）以及右侧辅助运动区（18/22名参与者；P < 0.05，家族性错误率校正）之间的白质连接中，FA也增加。在左侧（未训练）半球未观察到FA的等效变化。结合我们的功能和结构研究结果，本研究为运动训练导致的人类大脑广泛神经可塑性变化提供了详细的多焦点证据。《人类大脑图谱》38:4302 - 4312，2017年。© 2017威利期刊公司。
