He Yang, Xiao Hongtao, Deng Cao, Fan Gang, Qin Shishang, Peng Cheng
College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8201836. doi: 10.1155/2017/8201836. Epub 2017 Jun 18.
The Franch. is an important medicinal plant from the Ranunculales. We used next generation sequencing technology to determine the complete chloroplast genome of . This genome is 155,484 bp long with 38.17% GC content. Two 26,758 bp long inverted repeats separated the genome into a typical quadripartite structure. The chloroplast genome consists of 128 gene loci, including eight rRNA gene loci, 28 tRNA gene loci, and 92 protein-coding gene loci. Most of the SSRs in are poly-A/T. The numbers of mononucleotide SSRs in and other Ranunculaceae species are fewer than those in Berberidaceae species, while the number of dinucleotide SSRs is greater than that in the Berberidaceae. diverged from other Ranunculaceae species an estimated 81 million years ago (Mya). The divergence between Ranunculaceae and Berberidaceae was ~111 Mya, while the Ranunculales and Magnoliaceae shared a common ancestor during the Jurassic, ~153 Mya. Position 104 of the protein was identified as a positively selected site, indicating possible selection for the photosystem-chlororespiration system in . In summary, the complete sequencing and annotation of the chloroplast genome will facilitate future studies on this important medicinal species.
黄连是毛茛目中一种重要的药用植物。我们使用下一代测序技术确定了黄连的完整叶绿体基因组。该基因组长度为155,484 bp，GC含量为38.17%。两个长度为26,758 bp的反向重复序列将基因组分隔成典型的四分体结构。黄连叶绿体基因组由128个基因座组成，包括8个rRNA基因座、28个tRNA基因座和92个蛋白质编码基因座。黄连中的大多数简单序列重复（SSR）为多聚A/T。黄连和其他毛茛科物种中的单核苷酸SSR数量少于小檗科物种，而二核苷酸SSR数量则多于小檗科。黄连估计在8100万年前（Mya）与其他毛茛科物种分化。毛茛科和小檗科之间的分化约为1.11亿年前，而毛茛目和木兰科在侏罗纪时期（约1.53亿年前）有一个共同祖先。黄连蛋白的第104位被鉴定为正选择位点，表明黄连的光系统-叶绿体呼吸系统可能受到选择。总之，黄连叶绿体基因组的完整测序和注释将促进对这种重要药用物种的未来研究。
