Alzahrani Sami Hamdan, Ibrahim Nahla Khamis, Elnour Mohammed Abdel, Alqahtani Ali Hassan
Dr. Sami H. Alzahrani, Department of Family and Community Medicine,, King Abdulaziz University,, Abdullah Sulayman, 22254,, Jeddah 21441,, Saudi Arabia, T: +966126408403,
Ann Saudi Med. 2017 Jul-Aug;37(4):282-289. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2017.282.
Poisoning is a significant global public health challenge in terms of morbidity and mortality. We conducted this study because of the lack of large population-based studies on chemical poisoning in Saudi Arabia.
Describe epidemiological trends, associated factors, and outcomes of chemical poisoning cases reported to the Jeddah Health Affairs Directorate, Saudi Arabia.
Descriptive, retrospective medical record review.
Population database for the Jeddah Governorate.
For chemical poisoning cases reported from January 2011 to December 2015, data was collection using a standardized, validated data collection sheet. Data was collected on personal characteristics, type of chemical poisoning and outcome.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Descriptive epidemiological data and statistical comparisons.
For 994 chemical poisoning cases, an increasing trend was observed from 2011 to 2013 followed by some reduction during 2014 and 2015. The highest percentage of cases occurred during July followed by March for the cumulative total cases by month for all years. More than half of the cases involved males (55%), and children aged less than 5 years (56.6%). About three-fourths of the cases occurred accidentally and through ingestion. The most common poisonous agents were detergents (36.0%). Poisoning with addictive drugs occurred in 13 cases (1.3%). Only 1.1% of cases received a poisoning specific antidote, and the same percentage died because of poisoning. Gender, age, nationality, the route and the circumstances of the exposure were significantly associated with the type of poisoning (P < .001).
Most of chemical poisoning cases were accidental, occurred during summer, were caused by detergents, affected children < 5 years of age, and occurred via ingestion. Educational programs are needed to raise public awareness about poisoning, and to minimize the access of children to poisonous agents, especially detergents. Such measures could contribute toward a further reduction of the chemical poisoning burden.
Some key statistics not reported. Information bias may have affected results.
中毒在发病率和死亡率方面是一项重大的全球公共卫生挑战。我们开展这项研究是因为沙特阿拉伯缺乏基于大规模人群的化学中毒研究。
描述向沙特阿拉伯吉达卫生事务局报告的化学中毒病例的流行病学趋势、相关因素及结局。
描述性回顾性病历审查。
吉达省人口数据库。
对于2011年1月至2015年12月报告的化学中毒病例，使用标准化、经过验证的数据收集表收集数据。收集了个人特征、化学中毒类型及结局的数据。
描述性流行病学数据及统计比较。
在994例化学中毒病例中，2011年至2013年呈上升趋势，随后在2014年和2015年有所下降。按月份统计，所有年份累计病例数中，7月病例百分比最高，其次是3月。超过半数病例为男性（55%），年龄小于5岁的儿童占56.6%。约四分之三的病例为意外中毒且通过摄入途径。最常见的有毒物质是洗涤剂（36.0%）。13例（1.3%）为成瘾药物中毒。仅1.1%的病例接受了中毒特效解毒剂治疗，因中毒死亡的病例占比相同。性别、年龄、国籍、接触途径及情况与中毒类型显著相关（P <.001）。
大多数化学中毒病例为意外中毒，发生在夏季，由洗涤剂引起，影响5岁以下儿童，且通过摄入途径发生。需要开展教育项目以提高公众对中毒的认识，并尽量减少儿童接触有毒物质，尤其是洗涤剂。此类措施有助于进一步减轻化学中毒负担。
未报告一些关键统计数据。信息偏倚可能影响结果。
