在家居临终关怀中支持家庭照顾者：运用参与式行动研究为支持工作者和志愿者制定培训计划。
Supporting family carers in home-based end-of-life care: using participatory action research to develop a training programme for support workers and volunteers.
作者信息
Caswell Glenys, Hardy Beth, Ewing Gail, Kennedy Sheila, Seymour Jane
机构信息
School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, UK.
出版信息
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Mar;9(1):e4. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2017-001317. Epub 2017 Aug 2.
BACKGROUND
Family carers are crucial in enabling dying people to stay at home, but are often not prepared for their caring role, receiving little support from formal health and social care services. It is increasingly likely that any help or support family carers receive will be provided by a third sector organisation on either a voluntary basis or by untrained carer support workers.
OBJECTIVES
To produce a training programme designed to equip carer support workers and volunteers with the basic skills and knowledge needed to support family carers.
PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT
Participatory action research, a collaborative form of working in which those who are affected by an issue take a lead role in the research, was used. Bereaved carers acting as research partners, support workers and representatives of third sector organisations took an active part in designing, developing, piloting and refining the programme in a number of interlinked stages. During development, the programme was piloted on four occasions and evaluated by 36 trainees and 3 trainers.
FINAL TRAINING PROGRAMME
The outcome of the project is an innovative, 1-day training programme, offering an introduction to supporting family carers who are looking after someone approaching the end of life. The use of participatory action research methods enabled the development of a programme that addresses support needs identified by bereaved carers and training needs identified by carer support workers.The finished programme includes all the materials necessary to run a training day for support workers and volunteers: facilitator's notes, trainee workbook, slides, promotional poster and pre-course reading for trainees. Knowledge of issues involved in end-of-life and palliative care is not required, although some experience in delivering training is advisable.
CONCLUSION
The programme evaluated well during development, but further research is required to examine the transfer of learning into the workplace.
背景
家庭照顾者对于临终者居家至关重要，但他们往往对自己的照顾角色毫无准备，且很少得到正规医疗和社会护理服务的支持。家庭照顾者获得的任何帮助或支持越来越有可能由第三部门组织在自愿基础上或由未经培训的照顾者支持工作者提供。
目标
制定一个培训计划，旨在使照顾者支持工作者和志愿者具备支持家庭照顾者所需的基本技能和知识。
制定过程
采用了参与式行动研究，这是一种合作形式的工作方式，受问题影响的人在研究中发挥主导作用。丧亲照顾者作为研究伙伴、支持工作者和第三部门组织的代表，在多个相互关联的阶段积极参与了该计划的设计、开发、试点和完善。在开发过程中，该计划进行了四次试点，并由36名学员和3名培训师进行了评估。
最终培训计划
该项目的成果是一个创新的为期一天的培训计划，介绍如何支持照顾临终者的家庭照顾者。参与式行动研究方法的使用使得能够制定一个满足丧亲照顾者确定的支持需求和照顾者支持工作者确定的培训需求的计划。完成的计划包括为支持工作者和志愿者开展培训日所需的所有材料：培训师笔记、学员工作手册、幻灯片、宣传海报和学员课前阅读材料。虽然建议有一些培训交付经验，但不需要临终关怀和姑息治疗相关问题的知识。
结论
该计划在开发过程中评估良好，但需要进一步研究以检验所学知识在工作场所的转化情况。
Zotero 插件