Jost Wolfgang H
Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, Wolfach, Germany; University of Freiburg, Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2017;134:771-785. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Parkinson's disease is characterized by motor, autonomic, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. These occur in varying degrees in all stages of the disease. Among the autonomic disorders, cardiovascular, urogenital, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulatory disorders are particularly relevant. Because of the significant impact on the quality of life, appropriate diagnostics and therapy should be carried out at all stages of the disease. Within cardiovascular disorders drop of blood pressure after orthostasis and nondipper behavior are very important, but also the influence of cardiovascular medication. Nocturnal sweating is the most common problem of thermoregulation disturbances, for which there is no satisfactory therapy. Urgency, nocturia, and incontinence are of particular note within the urological problems.
帕金森病的特征是运动、自主神经和神经精神症状。这些症状在疾病的各个阶段都有不同程度的出现。在自主神经紊乱中，心血管、泌尿生殖、胃肠道和体温调节紊乱尤为相关。由于对生活质量有重大影响，在疾病的各个阶段都应进行适当的诊断和治疗。在心血管紊乱中，直立性低血压和非勺型血压行为非常重要，心血管药物的影响也很重要。夜间出汗是体温调节紊乱最常见的问题，对此尚无令人满意的治疗方法。尿急、夜尿症和尿失禁在泌尿系统问题中尤为值得注意。
