Liu Qin, Guo Yun-Hai, Zhang Yi, Zhou Zheng-Bin, Zhang Liang-Liang, Zhu Dan, Zhou Xiao-Nong
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2017 Aug 15;6(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0342-y.
Triatomines, also known as kissing bugs, which are found throughout the world and especially in Latin America, are well known natural vectors that transmit American trypanosomiasis, also called Chagas disease. In China, the presence of two species of Triatoma (Triatoma rubrofasciata and T. sinica) was recorded in the past. Due to the growing population and the increasing risk of the global spread of Chagas disease, triatomines became a potential public health nuisance, and in 2016, we started monitoring triatomine activities in southern China.
Triatomine specimens were collected by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and identified by their morphological characteristics under a dissecting microscope. In addition to morphological analysis, the genomic DNA of the specimens was extracted, and the mitochondrial 16S rRNA, the cytochrome b (CytB) gene and the nuclear ribosomal 28S rRNA gene were PCR-amplified to analyze and confirm the species genetically.
One female adult insect and one male adult insect were collected in a dwelling in the rural area of Shunde County, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, China (22°42'44.63″N, 113°08'45.34″E). The results from the morphological and genetic analyses indicated that these triatomines were T. rubrofasciata.
This is the first time that the occurrence of T. rubrofasciata has been confirmed in Foshan City, Guangdong Province in southern China. Further studies are needed to reach a clearer understanding of the ecology of this species of triatomine, since it has been found to be naturally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. conorhini and there is evidence of its domiciliation capabilities.
锥蝽，也被称为接吻虫，分布于世界各地，尤其是拉丁美洲，是传播美洲锥虫病（也称为恰加斯病）的著名天然媒介。过去在中国曾记录到两种锥蝽（红带锥蝽和中华锥蝽）。由于人口增长以及恰加斯病全球传播风险的增加，锥蝽成为了潜在的公共卫生隐患，2016年，我们开始在中国南方监测锥蝽活动。
锥蝽标本由中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所采集，并在解剖显微镜下根据其形态特征进行鉴定。除形态分析外，提取标本的基因组DNA，对线粒体16S rRNA、细胞色素b（CytB）基因和核糖体28S rRNA基因进行PCR扩增，以从基因层面分析并确认物种。
在中国广东省佛山市顺德县农村地区的一户住宅中采集到一只成年雌虫和一只成年雄虫（北纬22°42'44.63″，东经113°08'45.34″）。形态学和遗传学分析结果表明，这些锥蝽为红带锥蝽。
这是首次在中国南方广东省佛山市确认红带锥蝽的出现。由于已发现该种锥蝽自然感染克氏锥虫和康氏锥虫，并有证据表明其具有居家生存能力，因此需要进一步研究以更清楚地了解该种锥蝽的生态学特征。
