Brown Tobin E, Anseth Kristi S
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2017 Oct 30;46(21):6532-6552. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00445a.
Hydrogels mimic many of the physical properties of soft tissue and are widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Synthetic hydrogels have been developed to recapitulate many of the healthy and diseased states of native tissues and can be used as a cell scaffold to study the effect of matricellular interactions in vitro. However, these matrices often fail to capture the dynamic and heterogenous nature of the in vivo environment, which varies spatially and during events such as development and disease. To address this deficiency, a variety of manufacturing and processing techniques are being adapted to the biomaterials setting. Among these, photochemistry is particularly well suited because these reactions can be performed in precise three-dimensional space and at specific moments in time. This spatiotemporal control over chemical reactions can also be performed over a range of cell- and tissue-relevant length scales with reactions that proceed efficiently and harmlessly at ambient conditions. This review will focus on the use of photochemical reactions to create dynamic hydrogel environments, and how these dynamic environments are being used to investigate and direct cell behavior.
水凝胶模拟软组织的许多物理特性，是用于组织工程和再生医学的广泛应用的生物材料。已开发出合成水凝胶来重现天然组织的许多健康和疾病状态，并可用作细胞支架以在体外研究基质细胞相互作用的影响。然而，这些基质往往无法捕捉体内环境的动态和异质性，体内环境在空间上以及在发育和疾病等过程中会发生变化。为了解决这一缺陷，各种制造和加工技术正在被应用于生物材料领域。其中，光化学特别适用，因为这些反应可以在精确的三维空间和特定时刻进行。对化学反应的这种时空控制也可以在一系列与细胞和组织相关的长度尺度上进行，反应在环境条件下高效且无害地进行。本综述将重点关注利用光化学反应创建动态水凝胶环境，以及这些动态环境如何用于研究和指导细胞行为。
