中老年男性和女性饮食失调的流行病学与治疗
Epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders in men and women of middle and older age.
作者信息
Mangweth-Matzek Barbara, Hoek Hans W
机构信息
aDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinics for Psychosomatic Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria bParnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague cDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands dDepartment of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;30(6):446-451. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000356.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We summarized recent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders in middle-aged and older women and men.
RECENT FINDINGS
The prevalence of eating disorders according to DSM-5 criteria is around 3.5% in older (>40 years) women and around 1-2% in older men. The majority of those eating disordered persons are not in treatment. There are new terms like 'perimenopausal eating disorders' and 'muscularity-oriented eating disorders' indicating the impact of the aging process and sex-specific differences.
SUMMARY
Disordered eating and eating disorders occur in both women and men of all ages. Medical complications because of age, the stigma of eating disorders in a still 'untypical' age, and the glorification of sports activity often hinder the recognition of eating disorders in midlife and older persons. Treatment approaches should consider treatment strategies tailored for older women and men, addressing the context of midlife and aging.
综述目的
我们总结了近期关于中年及老年女性和男性饮食失调的流行病学及治疗的文献。
最新发现
根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版（DSM-5）标准，老年（>40岁）女性饮食失调的患病率约为3.5%，老年男性约为1%-2%。大多数饮食失调者未接受治疗。出现了“围绝经期饮食失调”和“以肌肉发达为导向的饮食失调”等新术语，表明衰老过程和性别差异的影响。
总结
饮食紊乱和饮食失调在各年龄段的女性和男性中均有发生。由于年龄导致的医学并发症、在仍然“不典型”年龄的饮食失调污名，以及对体育活动的美化，常常阻碍对中年及老年人饮食失调的识别。治疗方法应考虑为老年女性和男性量身定制的治疗策略，同时考虑中年和衰老的背景情况。
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