Lusk Anne C, Anastasio Albert, Shaffer Nicholas, Wu Juan, Li Yanping
Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition, Boston, MA, United States.
Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2017 Jan 20;7:232-238. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.01.006. eCollection 2017 Sep.
This paper examines if, in a lower-income minority neighborhood, bicycling practices and bicycle-environment preferences of Blacks and Hispanics were different from Whites. During the summer of 2014, surveys were mailed to 1537 households near a proposed cycle track on Malcolm X Boulevard in Roxbury, MA. On the Boulevard, intercept surveys were distributed to cyclists and observations noted about passing cyclist's characteristics. Data were analyzed from 252 returned-mailed surveys, 120 intercept surveys, and 709 bicyclists. White (100%), Hispanic (79%), and Black (76%) bicyclists shown pictures of 6 bicycle facility types in intercept surveys perceived the cycle track as safest. More White mailed-survey respondents thought bikes would not be stolen which may explain why more Hispanics (52%) and Blacks (47%) preferred to park their bikes inside their home compared with Whites (28%), with H/W B/W differences statistically significant ( < 0.05). More Hispanic (81%) and Black (54%) mailed-survey respondents thought they would bicycle more if they could bicycle with family and friends compared with Whites (40%). Bicyclists observed commuting morning and evening included Blacks (55%), Whites (36%) and Hispanics (9%). More Whites (68%) wore helmets compared with Hispanics (21%) and Blacks (17%) ( < 0.001). More Blacks (94%) and Hispanics (94%) rode a mountain bike compared with Whites (75%). Minority populations are biking on roads but prefer cycle tracks. They also prefer to park bikes inside their homes and bicycle with family and friends. Wide cycle tracks (bicycling with family/friends) and home bike parking should be targeted as capital investments in lower-income minority neighborhoods.
本文探讨在低收入少数族裔社区中，黑人和西班牙裔的骑行习惯及对自行车环境的偏好是否与白人不同。2014年夏季，研究人员向马萨诸塞州罗克斯伯里马尔科姆·X大道一条拟建自行车道附近的1537户家庭邮寄了调查问卷。在该大道上，研究人员向骑自行车的人发放了拦截式调查问卷，并记录了过往骑车人的特征。研究分析了252份邮寄回的调查问卷、120份拦截式调查问卷以及709名骑车人的数据。在拦截式调查问卷中，向白人（100%）、西班牙裔（79%）和黑人（76%）骑车人展示了6种自行车设施类型的图片，他们都认为自行车道最安全。更多邮寄调查问卷的白人受访者认为自行车不会被盗，这或许可以解释为什么与白人（28%）相比，更多西班牙裔（52%）和黑人（47%）更喜欢将自行车停放在家中，西班牙裔/白人、黑人/白人的差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与白人（40%）相比，更多邮寄调查问卷的西班牙裔（81%）和黑人（54%）受访者认为，如果能与家人和朋友一起骑车，他们会增加骑行次数。观察到的早晚通勤骑车人包括黑人（55%）、白人（36%）和西班牙裔（9%）。与西班牙裔（21%）和黑人（17%）相比，更多白人（68%）佩戴头盔（P<0.001）。与白人（75%）相比，更多黑人（94%）和西班牙裔（94%）骑山地自行车。少数族裔在道路上骑车，但更喜欢自行车道。他们还更喜欢将自行车停放在家中，并与家人和朋友一起骑车。宽阔的自行车道（与家人/朋友一起骑车）和家庭自行车停放处应作为对低收入少数族裔社区的资本投资目标。
