University of Pennsylvania.
J Fam Psychol. 2018 Feb;32(1):60-70. doi: 10.1037/fam0000348. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
The Family Stress Model acknowledges forms of resilience in the face of hardship; however, few studies have emerged on the potentially positive role of familial relationships in the academic, psychological, and prosocial success of impoverished Black children. The current study evaluates how parent-child relationship conflict and financial stress are associated with children's school readiness (i.e., academic, psychosocial, and socioemotional indicators). Latent profile analyses, incorporating financial stress, general stress, and parent-child relationship variables were used to test whether varying family stress profiles differentially predicted children's school readiness in Black families with children entering kindergarten (N = 292). Findings revealed 4 latent classifications with profiles of low, moderate, moderate/high, and high/moderate stress and conflict variables, respectively. Whereas the low-profile was associated with the most desirable school readiness indicators overall, children in the high/moderate-profile were rated as significantly more psychosocially and socioemotionally prepared for school than their moderate/high-profile counterparts. Families with less conflictual parent-child relationships had more optimal school readiness relative to families with higher conflict and less financial strain. The findings of the current study have the potential to contribute to theories of poverty and parent-child relationships, as well as guide therapeutic services focused on family relationships through school- and community-related programs for impoverished urban Black youth and their families. (PsycINFO Database Record
家庭压力模型承认在困难面前具有适应力的形式；然而，关于家庭关系在贫困的黑人儿童的学业、心理和亲社会成功方面可能具有积极作用的研究甚少。本研究评估了亲子关系冲突和经济压力如何与儿童的入学准备（即学业、心理社会和社会情感指标）相关。潜在剖面分析，纳入财务压力、一般压力和亲子关系变量，用于测试在进入幼儿园的黑人家庭中（N=292），不同的家庭压力模式是否会对儿童的入学准备产生不同的预测。研究结果显示，有 4 种潜在的分类，分别代表低、中、中/高和高/中压力和冲突变量。低压力模式与整体上最理想的入学准备指标相关，而高/中压力模式的儿童在心理社会和社会情感方面比中/高压力模式的儿童更适合上学。与亲子关系冲突较大和经济压力较高的家庭相比，亲子关系冲突较小的家庭具有更理想的入学准备。本研究的结果有可能为贫困和亲子关系理论做出贡献，并通过与学校和社区相关的项目为贫困的城市黑人青年及其家庭提供针对家庭关系的治疗服务提供指导。
