a Department of Medical Nanotechnology , School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
b Department of Medical Nanotechnology , Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018 Sep;46(6):1111-1121. doi: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1379014. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
Despite the great value of current exogenous contrast agents for providing main diagnostic information, they still have certain drawbacks such as short blood half life, nonspecific biodistribution, fast clearance, slight renal toxicity and poor contrast in fat patients. Nanoparticles (NPs) are used as novel contrast agents that represent a promising strategy for the non invasive diagnosis. As a platform, nanoparticulates are compatible for developing targeted contrast agents. Advances in nanotechnology will provide enhanced sensitivity and specificity for tumor imaging enabling earlier detection of metastases. This article focuses on fundamental issue such as biological interactions, clearance routes, coating of NPs and presents a wide discussion about most recent category of NPs that are used as contrast agents and thebenefits/concerns issues associated with their use in clinical procedures.
尽管当前的外源性对比剂在提供主要诊断信息方面具有重要价值，但它们仍然存在一些缺点，如血液半衰期短、生物分布非特异性、清除速度快、对肾脏有轻微毒性以及在脂肪患者中的对比度差。纳米颗粒（NPs）被用作新型对比剂，为非侵入性诊断提供了一种很有前途的策略。作为一个平台，纳米颗粒适合开发靶向对比剂。纳米技术的进步将为肿瘤成像提供更高的灵敏度和特异性，从而更早地发现转移灶。本文重点介绍了生物相互作用、清除途径、NPs 的涂层等基本问题，并广泛讨论了作为对比剂使用的最新一类 NPs 以及它们在临床操作中应用相关的益处/关注点问题。
