Li Xi-Hui, Lee Joon-Hee
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol. 2017 Oct;55(10):753-766. doi: 10.1007/s12275-017-7274-x. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Biofilms are complex microbial architectures that attach to surfaces and encase microorganisms in a matrix composed of self-produced hydrated extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). In biofilms, microorganisms become much more resistant to antimicrobial treatments, harsh environmental conditions, and host immunity. Biofilm formation by microbial pathogens greatly enhances survival in hosts and causes chronic infections that result in persistent inflammation and tissue damages. Currently, it is believed over 80% of chronic infectious diseases are mediated by biofilms, and it is known that conventional antibiotic medications are inadequate at eradicating these biofilm-mediated infections. This situation demands new strategies for biofilm-associated infections, and currently, researchers focus on the development of antibiofilm agents that are specific to biofilms, but are nontoxic, because it is believed that this prevents the development of drug resistance. Here, we review the most promising antibiofilm agents undergoing intensive research and development.
生物膜是附着于表面的复杂微生物结构，微生物被包裹在由自身产生的水合细胞外聚合物（EPS）组成的基质中。在生物膜中，微生物对抗菌治疗、恶劣环境条件和宿主免疫的抵抗力大大增强。微生物病原体形成生物膜极大地提高了在宿主体内的存活率，并导致慢性感染，进而引发持续的炎症和组织损伤。目前，人们认为超过80%的慢性传染病是由生物膜介导的，并且已知传统抗生素药物在根除这些由生物膜介导的感染方面并不充分。这种情况需要针对生物膜相关感染的新策略，目前，研究人员专注于开发对生物膜具有特异性但无毒的抗生物膜药物，因为人们认为这可以防止耐药性的产生。在此，我们综述了正在进行深入研发的最有前景的抗生物膜药物。
