Puterman Eli, Weiss Jordan, Beauchamp Mark R, Mogle Jacqueline, Almeida David M
School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia.
Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania.
Health Psychol. 2017 Dec;36(12):1186-1194. doi: 10.1037/hea0000532. Epub 2017 Oct 9.
The results from experimental studies indicate that physically active individuals remain calmer and report less anxiety after the induction of a standardized stressor. The current study extends this research to real life, and examines whether daily physical activity attenuates negative affect that occurs in response to naturally occurring daily stressors.
The current study used data from the second wave of the National Study of Daily Experiences, a sub-study of the second wave of the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS-II) of 2,022 individuals aged 33-84 questioned nightly for eight consecutive days about their general affect and affective responses to stressful events and their engagement in physical activity.
Results indicated that while negative affect is significantly elevated on days with stressful events compared to days free of events in all individuals, these effects are attenuated in those who remain physically active when compared to those who were underactive. This was also true for any day participants were physically active. Importantly, negative affect in response to any specific stressor was reduced the closer in time that the stressor occurred to the bout of exercise in underactive participants, while, in active participants, negative affect in response to any stressor remained low throughout the entire day that participants reported that they were active.
Given the significant mental and physical health implications of elevated affective reactivity observed in previous studies, the current study sheds further light on the importance of remaining physically active in times of stress. (PsycINFO Database Record
实验研究结果表明，在引入标准化应激源后，身体活跃的个体保持更平静，且报告的焦虑感更少。本研究将这一研究扩展到现实生活中，考察日常身体活动是否能减轻因自然发生的日常应激源而产生的负面影响。
本研究使用了来自“日常经历全国研究”第二轮的数据，该研究是“美国中年研究”（MIDUS-II）第二轮的子研究，对2022名年龄在33 - 84岁的个体进行了连续八天每晚的询问，内容包括他们的总体情绪、对压力事件的情绪反应以及他们的身体活动参与情况。
结果表明，与无压力事件的日子相比，在所有个体中，有压力事件的日子里负面影响显著升高，但与身体活动不足的个体相比，身体活跃的个体中这些影响有所减轻。参与者进行身体活动的任何一天都是如此。重要的是，在身体活动不足的参与者中，应激源发生的时间距离锻炼回合越近，对任何特定应激源的负面影响就越小，而在活跃的参与者中，在参与者报告他们活跃的一整天中，对任何应激源的负面影响都保持在较低水平。
鉴于先前研究中观察到的情感反应性升高对身心健康有重大影响，本研究进一步揭示了在压力时期保持身体活跃的重要性。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
