Gupta L, Khandelwal D, Kalra S, Gupta P, Dutta D, Aggarwal S
Department of Dietetics, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Department of Endocrinology, Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, New Delhi, India.
J Postgrad Med. 2017 Oct-Dec;63(4):242-251. doi: 10.4103/jpgm.JPGM_16_17.
Ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, adequate-protein, and low-carbohydrate diet that leads to nutritional ketosis, long known for antiepileptic effects and has been used therapeutically to treat refractory epilepsy. This review attempts to summarize the evidence and clinical application of KD in diabetes, obesity, and other endocrine disorders. KD is usually animal protein based. An empiric vegetarian Indian variant of KD has been provided keeping in mind the Indian food habits. KD has beneficial effects on cardiac ischemic preconditioning, improves oxygenation in patients with respiratory failure, improves glycemic control in diabetics, is associated with significant weight loss, and has a beneficial impact on polycystic ovarian syndrome. Multivitamin supplementations are recommended with KD. Recently, ketones are being proposed as super-metabolic fuel; and KD is currently regarded as apt dietary therapy for "diabesity."
生酮饮食（KD）是一种高脂肪、适量蛋白质和低碳水化合物的饮食，可导致营养性酮症，长期以来因其抗癫痫作用而闻名，并已被用于治疗难治性癫痫。本综述试图总结生酮饮食在糖尿病、肥胖症和其他内分泌疾病中的证据及临床应用。生酮饮食通常以动物蛋白为基础。考虑到印度人的饮食习惯，提供了一种经验性的印度素食生酮饮食变体。生酮饮食对心脏缺血预处理有有益作用，可改善呼吸衰竭患者的氧合，改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制，与显著的体重减轻有关，并且对多囊卵巢综合征有有益影响。建议生酮饮食时补充多种维生素。最近，酮类被提议作为超级代谢燃料；目前，生酮饮食被认为是治疗“糖尿病肥胖症”的合适饮食疗法。
